Vanadium alloy is one of the potential candidate material for structural applications in a commercial fusion reactor. Extended survival of a structural material has a direct consequence on the net energy produced in a fusion reaction, it is important to develop ultra-functional materials with tailored microstructures, to meet the harsh fusion environments. Microstructure of material, indeed depend upon the thermodynamics and kinetics of material processing. Aiming to meet the harsh fusion conditions, we have developed oxide dispersion strengthened V-4Cr-4Ti alloys by high energy ball milling and field assisted sintering technique. Possible microstructural, morphological aftermaths observed in ball milled yttria dispersed V-4Cr-4Ti powders is explored. Electron microscopy and laser particle analysis acknowledge that yttria addition aids powder agglomeration during ball milling. Ball milled powder was then consolidated (to a relative density of ~100%) using field assisted sintering technique, under optimal sintering conditions. Densification profile has implied that heterogeneous powder characteristic (apparent particle size and shape of powder) tends to impede the direct-current conductivity across the powder particle during various stages of field assisted sintering. In order to understand the kinetics of the field assisted sintering process on the starting powders, a new method was developed to compute the activation energy required for the direct-current conductivity across the individual powder particles. Relatively higher activation energy (for direct-current conductivity) is required for sintering yttria dispersed V-4Cr-4Ti powder than its V-4Cr-4Ti counterpart. Quantitative dynamic sintering kinetics analysis of FAST processed vanadium alloys

中文翻译：

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场助烧结氧化物弥散强化的V-4Cr-4Ti合金中直流迁移率的动态评估

钒合金是商业聚变反应堆中结构应用的潜在候选材料之一。结构材料的延长寿命直接影响着聚变反应中产生的净能量，因此开发具有定制微结构的超功能材料以满足苛刻的聚变环境非常重要。材料的微观结构确实取决于材料加工的热力学和动力学。为了满足苛刻的熔融条件，我们通过高能球磨和场辅助烧结技术开发了氧化物弥散强化的V-4Cr-4Ti合金。探索了在球磨的氧化钇分散的V-4Cr-4Ti粉末中观察到的可能的微观结构，形态后果。电子显微镜和激光颗粒分析确认，氧化钇的加入有助于球磨过程中粉末的团聚。然后，在最佳烧结条件下，使用场辅助烧结技术将球磨过的粉末固结（相对密度约为100％）。致密化轮廓表明，在现场辅助烧结的各个阶段，异质粉末特性（表观粒径和粉末形状）往往会阻碍整个粉末颗粒的直流电导率。为了了解原始粉末上的现场辅助烧结过程的动力学，开发了一种新方法来计算跨单个粉末颗粒的直流电导率所需的活化能。烧结氧化钇分散的V-4Cr-4Ti粉末需要比其V-4Cr-4Ti相对更高的活化能（用于直流电导率）。FAST加工钒合金的定量动态烧结动力学分析