In the actual gas phase and liquid phase transport, the fluid in the pipeline generally contains a certain amount of solid particles, which is the main reason for the erosion of the pipeline. While in the pipeline system, elbow is considered as a key component, mainly because the elbow is under complicated forces, which leads to high stress. And elbow is the most vulnerable part to erosion, which has the highest risk coefficient.^1,2 Previous studies have shown that the erosion of elbow is 50 times more serious than that of the straight-through part in pipeline transportation; failure analysis of boiler tubes indicated that about one third of the pipe accident was caused by impact erosion.^3–5 Usually, by studying the impact erosion characteristics of solid particles on the elbow, we could use better erosion resistance material or spray abrasion resistant coating on the elbow to strengthen it.^6,7 In recent years, by applying bionics to engineering fields, better performance could be achieved. In the long process of evolution, organisms have evolved to the physical structure and function to adapt the environment. In the study of bionics, specific functions are realized by defining the working principles of the biological system and using the methods of analogy, simulation, and reconstruction of the model. For example, imitate the arrangement of parenchyma cells gathered as a closed-cell foam matrix and helically arranged fiber bundles, to enhance axial compressive strength.⁸ And according to the principle of turtle hydrofoil movement, the biomechanical optimization control design⁹ was provided. Wang et al.¹⁰ introduced the structural bionics (the human tibia) to the structural design of crash box; the novel crash box could improve the energy absorption characteristics and comprehensive crashworthiness more effectively. In the study of Wolfgang Tillmann et al.,¹¹ they found that bionic structures were suitable to locally adjust the friction condition and proved to be an appropriate method to control the material flow of sheet metals in bulk forming operations.

中文翻译：

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基于仿生蚯蚓背孔射流对肘部侵蚀特性的影响研究

在实际的气相、液相输送中，管道内的流体一般含有一定量的固体颗粒，这是管道腐蚀的主要原因。而在管道系统中，弯头被认为是关键部件，主要是因为弯头受力复杂，应力较大。而弯头是最容易受到侵蚀的部位，风险系数最高。^1,2以往研究表明，管道输送中弯头的侵蚀比直通部分严重50倍；锅炉管失效分析表明，约三分之一的管道事故是由冲击侵蚀引起的。^3-5通常，通过研究固体颗粒对弯管的冲击冲蚀特性，可以采用抗冲蚀性能较好的材料或在弯管上喷涂耐磨涂层进行强化。^6,7近年来，通过将仿生学应用于工程领域，可以获得更好的性能。在漫长的进化过程中，生物体不断进化出适应环境的物理结构和功能。在仿生学的研究中，通过定义生物系统的工作原理，利用类比、模拟、重建模型的方法来实现特定的功能。例如，模仿薄壁细胞聚集成闭孔泡沫基质和螺旋排列的纤维束的排列，以增强轴向抗压强度。⁸并根据海龟水翼运动原理，提出了生物力学优化控制设计^{9 。}王等人。¹⁰将结构仿生学（人体胫骨）引入吸能箱结构设计中；新型碰撞盒能够更有效地提高能量吸收特性和综合耐撞性。在 Wolfgang Tillmann 等人的研究中，¹¹他们发现仿生结构适合局部调整摩擦条件，并被证明是在批量成形操作中控制金属板材材料流动的适当方法。