An hourly quantification of inorganic water-soluble PM10 ions and corresponding trace gases was performed using the Monitor for AeRosols and Gases in ambient Air (MARGA) at the TROPOS research site in Melpitz, Germany. The data availability amounts to over 80% for the five-year measurement period from 2010 to 2014. Comparisons were performed for the evaluation of the MARGA, resulting in coefficients of determinations (slopes) of 0.91 (0.90) for the measurements against the SO2 gas monitor, 0.84 (0.88), 0.79 (1.39), 0.85 (1.20) for the ACSM NO3−, SO42− and NH4+ measurements, respectively, and 0.85 (0.65), 0.88 (0.68), 0.91 (0.83), 0.86 (0.82) for the filter measurements of Cl−, NO3−, SO42− and NH4+, respectively. A HONO comparison with a batch denuder shows large scatter (R2 = 0.41). The MARGA HNO3 is underestimated compared to a batch and coated denuder with shorter inlets (slopes of 0.16 and 0.08, respectively). Less NH3 was observed in coated denuders for high ambient concentrations. Long-time measurements show clear daily and seasonal variabilities. Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) analysis indicates the emission area of particulate ions Cl−, NO3−, SO42−, NH4+, K+ and gaseous SO2 to lie in eastern European countries, predominantly in wintertime. Coarse mode sea salt particles are transported from the North Sea to Melpitz. The particles at Melpitz are nearly neutralised with a mean molar ratio of 0.90 for the five-year study. A slight increase of the neutralization ratio over the last three years indicates a stronger decrease of the anthropogenically emitted NO3− and SO42− compared to NH4+.

中文翻译：

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在德国梅尔皮茨研究站使用在线系统 MARGA 测量 PM10 离子和痕量气体——一项为期五年的研究

使用位于德国梅尔皮茨的 TROPOS 研究站点的环境空气中的 AeRosols 和气体监测器 (MARGA) 对无机水溶性 PM10 离子和相应的痕量气体进行每小时定量。从 2010 年到 2014 年的五年测量期间，数据可用性达到 80% 以上。 对 MARGA 的评估进行了比较，导致针对 SO2 气体的测量的确定系数（斜率）为 0.91 (0.90)监测，ACSM NO3−、SO42− 和 NH4+ 测量值分别为 0.84 (0.88)、0.79 (1.39)、0.85 (1.20) 和 0.85 (0.65)、0.88 (0.68)、0.91 (0.86) (.020)分别用于 Cl−、NO3−、SO42− 和 NH4+ 的过滤器测量。HONO 与批量剥皮机的比较显示大的分散 (R2 = 0.41)。与入口较短（斜率分别为 0.16 和 0.08）的批次和涂层剥壳机相比，MARGA HNO3 被低估了。在高环境浓度的包衣剥脱器中观察到较少的 NH3。长期测量显示出明显的每日和季节性变化。潜在源贡献函数 (PSCF) 分析表明颗粒离子 Cl−、NO3−、SO42−、NH4+、K+ 和气态 SO2 的排放区域位于东欧国家，主要是在冬季。粗模式海盐颗粒从北海运输到梅尔皮茨。在为期五年的研究中，梅尔皮茨的颗粒几乎被中和，平均摩尔比为 0.90。中和率在过去三年中略有增加，表明与 NH4+ 相比，人为排放的 NO3- 和 SO42- 下降幅度更大。