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Review of Neutron Diagnostics Based on Fission Reactions Induced by Fusion Neutrons
Journal of Fusion Energy ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2018-08-14 , DOI: 10.1007/s10894-018-0183-0
Urszula Woźnicka

Neutrons are an exceptional diagnostic signature in magnetic fusion experiments with high temperature plasma. A part of neutron detection methods relies on detecting nuclear reactions products, initiated by neutrons. Among different possibilities, the neutron-induced fission reactions can be used. These methods use the specific properties of the radioactive decay phenomena induced by neutrons of heavy elements like uranium or thorium. The neutron-induced fission reactions produce energetic fission fragments that can be detected in a special type of ionization chambers that has one of electrode covered with fissionable material. A fission reaction may be also adapted to neutron detection by activation method. A dedicated target-sample made from fissionable isotope (like 235U, 238U, 232Th), irradiated by neutrons, is the source of prompt and delayed neutrons. The decay curve of delayed neutrons can be registered almost immediately after irradiation by fusion neutrons, with a delay resulting exclusively from the time of transport of the samples to the measuring set-up. The yield of a fusion neutron source can be calculated from that measurement. Fission phenomena and fissionable materials are applicable in plasma neutron diagnostics. The lecture gives the introduction to the nuclear fission process and the particular attention is done to the phenomenon and physics of delayed neutrons which are generated during the fission reaction. Examples of delayed neutrons activation set-up and fission chambers dedicated for tokamaks are presented.

中文翻译:

基于聚变中子裂变反应的中子诊断综述

在高温等离子体磁聚变实验中,中子是一种特殊的诊断特征。中子探测方法的一部分依赖于探测由中子引发的核反应产物。在不同的可能性中,可以使用中子引发的裂变反应。这些方法利用了由铀或钍等重元素的中子引起的放射性衰变现象的特定特性。中子引发的裂变反应产生高能裂变碎片,可以在一种特殊类型的电离室中检测到,其中一个电极覆盖有可裂变材料。裂变反应也可适用于通过活化方法进行的中子检测。由可裂变同位素(如 235U、238U、232Th)制成的专用目标样品,由中子辐照,是瞬发和延迟中子的来源。延迟中子的衰变曲线几乎可以在聚变中子辐照后立即记录下来,延迟完全来自样品传输到测量装置的时间。聚变中子源的产量可以从该测量中计算出来。裂变现象和可裂变材料适用于等离子体中子诊断。讲座介绍了核裂变过程,并特别关注裂变反应过程中产生的延迟中子的现象和物理学。介绍了专用于托卡马克的延迟中子激活装置和裂变室的示例。延迟完全由样品运输到测量装置的时间引起。聚变中子源的产量可以从该测量中计算出来。裂变现象和可裂变材料适用于等离子体中子诊断。讲座介绍了核裂变过程,并特别关注裂变反应过程中产生的延迟中子的现象和物理学。介绍了专用于托卡马克的延迟中子激活装置和裂变室的示例。延迟完全由样品运输到测量装置的时间引起。聚变中子源的产量可以从该测量中计算出来。裂变现象和可裂变材料适用于等离子体中子诊断。讲座介绍了核裂变过程,并特别关注裂变反应过程中产生的延迟中子的现象和物理学。介绍了专用于托卡马克的延迟中子激活装置和裂变室的示例。讲座介绍了核裂变过程,并特别关注裂变反应过程中产生的延迟中子的现象和物理学。介绍了专用于托卡马克的延迟中子激活装置和裂变室的示例。讲座介绍了核裂变过程,并特别关注裂变反应过程中产生的延迟中子的现象和物理学。介绍了专用于托卡马克的延迟中子激活装置和裂变室的示例。
更新日期:2018-08-14
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