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M.S. Ghilarov’s Principle, or Biomass Equivalence Rule, as a Conservation Law in Ecology
Biology Bulletin Reviews Pub Date : 2019-06-10 , DOI: 10.1134/s2079086419030083
L. V. Polishchuk

Abstract—It may seem surprising that there are conservation laws in ecology as in physics, although these laws are less accurate than in physics and hold only on average, i.e., on large spatial scales (macroecology). One such law is the biomass equivalence rule, which was proposed by Sheldon et al. and later confirmed by Tseitlin and others. According to this rule, the biomass of marine pelagic organisms remains approximately equal in equal intervals of log-transformed body- size spanning the range from bacteria to whales. However, as noted by Tseitlin, long before the work of Sheldon et al. a similar pattern was discovered by M.S. Ghilarov for soil organisms. In his paper of 1944, Ghilarov unequivocally wrote: “The ‘biomass’ of soil organisms of different natural body-size groups is approximately of the same order of magnitude: the product of the number of organisms belonging to a given size group times their linear size cubed varies very little.” Here, I show that Ghilarov’s “natural” body-size groups in the range from bacteria to myriapods and insects occupy approximately equal size intervals on a logarithmic scale. It turns out that equal logarithmic intervals of body-size contain approximately equal biomasses for both soil and pelagic organisms. The priority of the discovery of this rule belongs to Ghilarov. After Tseitlin, I propose to call it Ghilarov’s principle. Furthermore, I suggest that Ghilarov’s principle holds not only for soil and pelagic organisms but also for other organisms inhabiting sufficiently homogeneous and extended habitats.

中文翻译:

吉拉罗夫(MS Ghilarov)原理,即生物量当量规则,作为生态保护法

摘要—生态学中和物理学中一样都有守恒定律,这似乎令人惊讶,尽管这些定律比物理学中的精确度低,并且仅在平均范围内保持,即在大空间尺度上(宏观生态学)。Sheldon等人提出的生物量当量规则就是这样一种定律。后来被Tseitlin等证实。根据该规则,海洋中上层生物的生物量在从细菌到鲸鱼的对数转换后的人体大小的相等间隔中保持近似相等。但是,正如Tseitlin所指出的,在Sheldon等人的工作之前很久。MS Ghilarov发现了类似的模式,用于土壤生物。吉拉罗夫(Ghilarov)在1944年的论文中明确指出:“不同自然体大小的群体的土壤生物的'生物量'大约处于相同的数量级:属于给定大小组的生物数量乘以其线性大小的立方的乘积变化很小。” 在这里,我证明了吉拉罗夫的从细菌到无足纲动物和昆虫的“自然”体型群体在对数尺度上占据了几乎相等的体型间隔。事实证明,相等大小的对数间隔包含土壤和中上层生物的近似生物量。发现该规则的优先权属于吉拉罗夫。在Tseitlin之后,我建议称其为Ghilarov原理。此外,我建议吉拉罗夫的原则不仅适用于土壤和浮游生物,而且适用于居住在足够均匀和扩展的栖息地的其他生物。我证明,吉拉罗夫的从细菌到无足纲动物和昆虫的“自然”体型群体在对数尺度上占据了大约相等的体型间隔。事实证明,相等大小的对数间隔包含土壤和中上层生物的近似生物量。发现该规则的优先权属于吉拉罗夫。在Tseitlin之后,我建议称其为Ghilarov原理。此外,我建议吉拉罗夫的原则不仅适用于土壤和浮游生物,而且适用于居住在足够均匀和扩展的栖息地的其他生物。我证明,吉拉罗夫的从细菌到无足纲动物和昆虫的“自然”体型群体在对数尺度上占据了大约相等的体型间隔。事实证明,相等大小的对数间隔包含土壤和中上层生物的近似生物量。发现该规则的优先权属于吉拉罗夫。在Tseitlin之后,我建议称其为Ghilarov原理。此外,我建议吉拉罗夫的原则不仅适用于土壤和远洋生物,而且适用于居住在足够均匀和扩展的栖息地的其他生物。事实证明,相等大小的对数间隔包含土壤和中上层生物的近似生物量。发现该规则的优先权属于吉拉罗夫。在Tseitlin之后,我建议称其为Ghilarov原理。此外,我建议吉拉罗夫的原则不仅适用于土壤和浮游生物,而且适用于居住在足够均匀和扩展的栖息地的其他生物。事实证明,相等大小的对数间隔包含土壤和中上层生物的近似生物量。发现该规则的优先权属于吉拉罗夫。在Tseitlin之后,我建议称其为Ghilarov原理。此外,我建议吉拉罗夫的原则不仅适用于土壤和中上层生物,而且适用于居住在足够均匀和扩展的生境中的其他生物。
更新日期:2019-06-10
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