The presented study evaluates the effect of water-table depth on groundwater evaporation (E_g) and recharge (R_g) when they occurred alternately. A lysimeter experiment incorporating a 1-year-long bromide tracer test was conducted under conditions with a range of maintained water-table depths. The results revealed that both the R_g and E_g decreased as the water table fell, until it was down to the extinction depth of groundwater evaporation (EDGE, 2.4 m). The annual quantity of R_g started to be stable at 100 mm when the water table was below the EDGE, since the maximum soil-water deficit no longer increased. When the water table was above the EDGE, R_g and E_g restricted each other and thus occurred alternately; in the wet season, >68% of the annual R_g occurred, with only <10% of the annual E_g. The fast response of the soil-water potential to irrigation and soil evaporation tended to make the gradient of the whole potential profile unidirectional when the water table was shallow, which promoted both R_g and E_g. Taking soil evaporation, R_g and E_g into account, the inversely calculated position of the bromide concentration peak was close to the actual position, suggesting that bromide tracer is effective for tracing the complicated processes of the unsaturated zone flow when R_g and E_g occur alternately. The study improved understanding of the way that the water table affects R_g and E_g in the shallow groundwater area and proved that bromide tracer would be an innovative technique to estimate E_g.

所呈现的研究评估水表深度对效果地下水蒸发（Ë_克）和再充电（ř_克），当他们出现交替。在保持一定地下水位深度的条件下进行了掺入了长达1年的溴化物示踪剂测试的溶渗仪实验。结果表明，随着地下水位的下降，R _g和E _g均下降，直到下降到地下水蒸发的消失深度（EDGE，2.4 m）。每年R _g当地下水位低于EDGE时，水位开始稳定在100毫米，因为最大的土壤水分亏缺不再增加。当水位高于EDGE时，R _g和E _g相互限制，因此交替出现。在湿季，发生了超过68％的年度R _g，而只有<10％的年度E _g。地下水位较浅时，土壤水势对灌溉和土壤蒸发的快速响应趋于使整个势能曲线的梯度单向，从而促进了R _g和E _g。取土壤蒸发，R _g和考虑到E _g，反演的溴化物浓度峰的位置接近于实际位置，这表明当R _g和E _g交替出现时，溴化物示踪剂可有效地追踪不饱和区流的复杂过程。该研究增进了人们对地下水位对地下水浅层区域R _g和E _g影响的理解，并证明了溴化物示踪剂将是一种估算E _g的创新技术。