The Drosophila embryonic central nervous system (CNS) is a complex organ consisting of ∼15,000 neurons and glia that is generated in ∼1 day of development. For the past 40 years, Drosophila developmental neuroscientists have described each step of CNS development in precise molecular genetic detail. This has led to an understanding of how an intricate nervous system emerges from a single cell. These studies have also provided important, new concepts in developmental biology, and provided an essential model for understanding similar processes in other organisms. In this article, the key genes that guide Drosophila CNS development and how they function is reviewed. Features of CNS development covered in this review are neurogenesis, gliogenesis, cell fate specification, and differentiation.

中文翻译：

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果蝇胚胎中枢神经系统发育：神经发生、胶质细胞发生、细胞命运和分化。

果蝇胚胎中枢神经系统 (CNS) 是一个复杂的器官，由约 15,000 个神经元和神经胶质细胞组成，在约 1 天的发育过程中产生。过去 40 年来，果蝇发育神经科学家以精确的分子遗传学细节描述了中枢神经系统发育的每一步。这使得我们了解了复杂的神经系统是如何从单个细胞中产生的。这些研究还为发育生物学提供了重要的新概念，并为理解其他生物体中的类似过程提供了基本模型。在本文中，回顾了指导果蝇中枢神经系统发育的关键基因及其功能。本综述涵盖的中枢神经系统发育的特征是神经发生、胶质细胞发生、细胞命运规范和分化。