To explore possible approaches to differentiating rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into retinal ganglion-like cells and to demonstrate the dynamic changes in protein expression profiles of BMSCs throughout the differentiation. BMSCs were isolated from adult rats and cultured in medium conditioned by neonatal rat retinal cells to induce BMSC differentiation into retinal ganglion-like cells. Immunostaining for neurofilament, nestin, Map2, and Thy1.1 was used to follow the differentiation process. Two types of protein arrays were employed to profile the BMSCs, the differentiated retinal ganglion-like cells, and the primary retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) using the Biomarker Wizard System. After 7 days of culture in conditioned medium, cells showing a neural-cell-like modality appeared. The differentiated retinal ganglion-like cells showed that network-like connections were positive for nestin, neurofilament, Map2, and Thy1.1. In total, 16 marker proteins were highly expressed in both retinal ganglion-like cells and RGCs and no obvious expression was observed in BMSCs. Among them, nine proteins were expressed more highly in RGCs than in retinal ganglion-like cells. BMSCs can be induced to differentiate into retinal ganglion-like cells by neonatal rat retinal cells, and the induced cells show protein profiles resembling those of isolated RGCs.

中文翻译：

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骨髓间充质干细胞分化为视网膜神经节样细胞的蛋白质表达谱。

探索将大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞 (BMSCs) 分化为视网膜神经节样细胞的可能方法，并证明 BMSCs 在整个分化过程中蛋白质表达谱的动态变化。从成年大鼠中分离 BMSCs 并在由新生大鼠视网膜细胞条件的培养基中培养以诱导 BMSC 分化为视网膜神经节样细胞。神经丝、巢蛋白、Map2 和 Thy1.1 的免疫染色用于跟踪分化过程。使用 Biomarker Wizard System 使用两种类型的蛋白质阵列来分析 BMSC、分化的视网膜神经节样细胞和原代视网膜神经节细胞 (RGC)。在条件培养基中培养 7 天后，出现了神经细胞样形态的细胞。分化的视网膜神经节样细胞显示网络样连接对巢蛋白、神经丝、Map2 和 Thy1.1 呈阳性。总共有16种标记蛋白在视网膜神经节样细胞和RGC中高表达，而在BMSC中未观察到明显表达。其中，9 种蛋白质在 RGC 中的表达高于在视网膜神经节样细胞中的表达。新生大鼠视网膜细胞可诱导 BMSCs 分化为视网膜神经节样细胞，诱导细胞显示出与分离的 RGC 相似的蛋白质谱。九种蛋白质在 RGC 中的表达高于在视网膜神经节样细胞中的表达。新生大鼠视网膜细胞可诱导 BMSCs 分化为视网膜神经节样细胞，诱导细胞显示出与分离的 RGC 相似的蛋白质谱。九种蛋白质在 RGC 中的表达高于在视网膜神经节样细胞中的表达。新生大鼠视网膜细胞可诱导 BMSCs 分化为视网膜神经节样细胞，诱导细胞显示出与分离的 RGC 相似的蛋白质谱。