The hypothalamus is a brain region in charge of many vital functions. Among them, BAT thermogenesis represents an essential physiological function to maintain body temperature. In the metabolic context, it has now been established that energy expenditure attributed to BAT function can contribute to the energy balance in a substantial extent. Thus, therapeutic interest in this regard has increased in the last years and some studies have shown that BAT function in humans can make a real contribution to improve diabetes and obesity-associated diseases. Nevertheless, how the hypothalamus controls BAT activity is still not fully understood. Despite the fact that much has been known about the mechanisms that regulate BAT activity in recent years, and that the central regulation of thermogenesis offers a very promising target, many questions remain still unsolved. Among them, the possible human application of knowledge obtained from rodent studies, and drug administration strategies able to specifically target the hypothalamus. Here, we review the current knowledge of homeostatic regulation of BAT, including the molecular insights of brown adipocytes, its central control, and its implication in the development of obesity.

中文翻译：

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关于肥胖的中枢comBAT的假想。

下丘脑是负责许多重要功能的大脑区域。其中，BAT生热代表维持体温的基本生理功能。在代谢方面，现已确定归因于BAT功能的能量消耗可在很大程度上促进能量平衡。因此，近年来在这方面的治疗兴趣增加了，并且一些研究表明，人体中的BAT功能可以对改善糖尿病和肥胖相关疾病做出真正的贡献。尽管如此，下丘脑如何控制BAT活性仍未完全了解。尽管近年来人们对调节BAT活性的机制了解很多，并且对生热的集中调节提供了非常有希望的目标，许多问题仍未解决。其中，可能是人类从啮齿动物研究中获得的知识的应用，以及能够专门针对下丘脑的药物管理策略。在这里，我们回顾了BAT的稳态调节的当前知识，包括棕色脂肪细胞的分子见解，其中央控制及其对肥胖症发展的影响。