Abstract

The paper analyzes original data obtained on the Atlantis‒Meteor seamount system during Cruise 33 of the R/V Akademik Nikolai Strakhov in the eastern North Atlantic. This system is a volcanic rise formed on the Canary abyssal plate and represents one of the key objects for understanding the geological history of opening of the central segment of the Atlantic Ocean. Basalts, tephrites, and organogenic terrigenous lagoonal marine sediments dredged from the Atlantis, Plato, and Cruiser seamounts are considered. Petrography and compositions of the Atlantis and Cruiser basalts reflect significant differences in settings of their eruptions. Well-crystallized vesicle-free olivine basalts from the Atlantis Seamount were ejected under deep-water conditions. Glassy vesicular basalts of the Cruiser Seamount are typical of shallow subaerial eruptions. Evidence for the accumulation of tuff breccias and tuff gravelstones of the Plato Seamount in subaerial settings are obtained. Tendencies were revealed in the lithogenetic transformations of organogenic‒terrigenous sediments of the Cruiser Seamount, which were subjected to the high-temperature impact of subaerial lava flows. During the volcanosedimentary lithogenesis, the plant lignite-like matter lost its primary structure and was transformed into anisotropic coke with the wide development of fusinite and pyrofusinite. The studied volcanic occurrences are thought to be related to the final (Late Miocene‒Pliocene) volcanic stage in the seamount system, which predated the destruction of the system, its prograde subsidence, and transformation of islands into guyots.

中文翻译：

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亚特兰蒂斯陨石海山（北大西洋）的构造沉积体系：中新世晚期上新世的火山作用和沉积作用以及大西洋北极裂谷系统中的位置

摘要

本文分析了R / V Akademik Nikolai Strakhov 33号巡洋舰在Atlantis‒Meteor海山系统上获得的原始数据在北大西洋东部。该系统是在加那利深海板块上形成的火山上升，是理解大西洋中部开口的地质历史的主要对象之一。考虑了从亚特兰蒂斯，柏拉图和巡洋舰海山挖出的玄武岩，陨石和有机成因的泻湖性海洋沉积物。亚特兰蒂斯号和巡洋舰的玄武岩的岩石学和组成反映了它们喷发背景的显着差异。在深水条件下，从亚特兰蒂斯海山喷出了结晶良好的不含囊泡的橄榄石玄武岩。巡洋舰海山的玻璃状玄武岩是浅层地下喷发的典型特征。获得了在地下环境中柏拉图海山凝灰岩角砾岩和凝灰岩碎石堆积的证据。在巡洋舰海山的有机成因沉积物的成岩作用转换中揭示了趋势，这些沉积物受到了地下熔岩流的高温影响。在火山成岩作用的成岩过程中，随着褐铁矿和焦褐铁矿的广泛发展，植物褐煤样物质失去了其原始结构，并转变为各向异性焦炭。人们认为，所研究的火山事件与海山系统中的最后（中新世－上新世）火山阶段有关，该阶段早于该系统的破坏，其渐进的沉降以及岛屿转变为古幔。在火山成岩作用的成岩过程中，随着褐铁矿和焦褐铁矿的广泛发展，植物褐煤样物质失去了其原始结构，并转变为各向异性焦炭。人们认为，所研究的火山事件与海山系统中的最后（中新世－上新世）火山阶段有关，该阶段早于该系统的破坏，其渐进的沉降以及岛屿转变为古幔。在火山成岩作用的成岩过程中，随着褐铁矿和焦褐铁矿的广泛发展，植物褐煤样物质失去了其原始结构，并转变为各向异性焦炭。人们认为，所研究的火山事件与海山系统中的最后（中新世－上新世）火山阶段有关，该阶段早于该系统的破坏，其渐进的沉降以及岛屿转变为古幔。