Bike-sharing systems (BSSs) are emerging as a popular type of shared vehicle platform where users can rent bicycles without having to own and maintain them. BSSs are ideal for short trips and for connecting to public transit systems. Bicycle usage is associated with several unique characteristics which make planning and operation of BSSs very different from car sharing problems and other traditional transportation modelling approaches. In this paper, we summarize existing literature on strategic planning which involves selecting stations, designing bike paths, and figuring out station capacity. Research on operational measures which include day-to-day and within-day repositioning activities are also collated. Additionally, models for understanding demand, pricing and incentives, maintenance, and other technological aspects are reviewed.

中文翻译：

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共享单车系统规划和运营的建模方法

自行车共享系统 (BSS) 正在成为一种流行的共享车辆平台，用户可以在其中租用自行车，而无需拥有和维护它们。BSS 是短途旅行和连接公共交通系统的理想选择。自行车使用与几个独特的特征相关联，这使得 BSS 的规划和运营与汽车共享问题和其他传统交通建模方法大不相同。在本文中，我们总结了有关战略规划的现有文献，包括选择车站、设计自行车道和计算车站容量。还整理了对包括日常和日常重新定位活动在内的运营措施的研究。此外，还审查了用于理解需求、定价和激励、维护和其他技术方面的模型。