The genomic revolution has provided powerful insights into the biology and ecology of many non-model organisms. Genetic tools have been increasingly applied to marine lobster research in recent years and have improved our understanding of species delimitation and population connectivity. High resolution genomic markers are just beginning to be applied to lobsters and are now starting to revolutionise our understanding of fine spatial and temporal scales of population connectivity and adaptation to environmental conditions. Lobsters play an important role in the ecosystem and many species are commercially exploited but many aspects of their biology is still largely unknown. Genetics is a powerful tool that can further contribute to our understanding of their ecology and evolution and assist management. Here we illustrate how recent genetic advancements are (1) leading to a step change in our understanding of evolution and adaptation, (2) elucidating factors driving connectivity and recruitment, (3) revealing insights into ecological processes and can (4) potentially revolutionise management of this commercially important group. We discuss how improvements in sequencing technologies and statistical methods for genetic data analyses combined with increased sampling efforts and careful sampling design have transformed our understanding of lobsters biology in recent years. We also highlight possible future directions in the application of genomic tools to lobster research that can aid management, in particular, the close-kin-mark-recapture method. Finally, we identify gaps and challenges in lobster research, such as the lack of any reference genomes and predictions on how lobsters will respond to future environmental conditions.

中文翻译：

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通过遗传学促进我们对海洋龙虾的连通性、进化和管理的理解

基因组革命为许多非模式生物的生物学和生态学提供了强有力的见解。近年来，遗传工具越来越多地应用于海洋龙虾研究，并提高了我们对物种定界和种群连通性的理解。高分辨率基因组标记刚刚开始应用于龙虾，现在开始彻底改变我们对种群连通性和对环境条件适应的精细空间和时间尺度的理解。龙虾在生态系统中发挥着重要作用，许多物种被商业开发，但其生物学的许多方面仍然在很大程度上未知。遗传学是一个强大的工具，可以进一步帮助我们了解它们的生态和进化并协助管理。在这里，我们说明了最近的遗传进步如何 (1) 导致我们对进化和适应的理解发生了重大变化，(2) 阐明了驱动连通性和招募的因素，(3) 揭示了对生态过程的见解，并且可以 (4) 可能会彻底改变管理这个商业上重要的群体。我们讨论了基因数据分析的测序技术和统计方法的改进，加上采样工作的增加和仔细的采样设计，近年来如何改变我们对龙虾生物学的理解。我们还强调了将基因组工具应用于龙虾研究的可能未来方向，以帮助管理，特别是近亲标记重新捕获方法。最后，我们确定了龙虾研究中的差距和挑战，