Cystic fibrosis patients with Burkholderia cepacia complex pulmonary infections have high morbidity and mortality. Worldwide, this disease is undergoing substantial epidemiological changes. Advances in the diagnosis and treatment have conditioned an increase in child survival as well as in the proportion of affected adults. In order to know our reality, we refer to an epidemiological study in 64 CF patients during 11 years of surveillance, focusing on infections caused by Burkholderia species. Conventional and automated phenotypic tests, restriction fragment length polymorphism-recA, recA gene sequencing, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry were applied. Bacterial isolates were also tested for antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. The prevalence of Burkholderia cepacia complex was 9.4%. Based on recA gene sequencing, the most common species identified were Burkholderia cenocepacia (67.3%) and Burkholderia vietnamiensis (20.3%). Ceftazidime and meropenem were the most active, inhibiting 53% and 46% of isolates, respectively. This report represents the first systematic study of Burkholderia infections in our CF population since beginning of monitoring and treatment and highlights the importance of continued longitudinal studies.

洋葱伯克霍尔德菌复合肺部感染的囊性纤维化患者具有高发病率和死亡率。在世界范围内，这种疾病正在经历重大的流行病学变化。诊断和治疗的进步使儿童存活率和受累成人的比例增加。为了了解我们的现实，我们参考了一项在 11 年监测期间对 64 名 CF 患者进行的流行病学研究，重点关注伯克霍尔德菌属物种引起的感染。常规和自动化表型测试、限制性片段长度多态性-recA、recA应用了基因测序和基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间 (MALDI-TOF) 质谱法。还测试了细菌分离株的抗微生物药物敏感性模式。洋葱伯克霍尔德菌感染率为 9.4%。根据recA基因测序，确定的最常见物种是Burkholderia cenocepacia (67.3%) 和Burkholderia vietnamiensis (20.3%)。头孢他啶和美罗培南的活性最强，分别抑制 53% 和 46% 的分离株。本报告代表了自监测和治疗开始以来对我们 CF 人群中伯克霍尔德菌感染的首次系统研究，并强调了持续纵向研究的重要性。