This study was performed to evaluate the effect of applying molasses (5% w/w) (M), exogenous enzyme (cellulase; 6 millions U kg −1 ) (E) and Lactobacillus plantarum (3 × 10 5 cfu g −1 of fresh material) (LAB) on the ensiling characteristics of Conocarpus erectus leaves. Eight treatments were studied; (1) without additive (conocarpus silage: CS), (2) CS + E (CSE), (3) CS + M (CSM), (4) CS + LAB (CSL), (5) CS + E + M (CSEM), (6) CS + E + LAB (CSEL), (7) CS + M + LAB (CSML) and (8) CS + E + M + LAB (CSEML). The lowest amount ( P < 0.05) of ash-free neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and ash-free acid detergent fiber were observed for CSE. The pH only affected by addition of molasses ( P < 0.05), while the concentration of ammonia-N of Conocarpus silage was affected ( P < 0.05) by molasses, meanwhile it decreased significantly for CSEM and CSM. The results of gas production parameter and in vitro digestibility showed that the use of silage additives leads to increase ( P < 0.05) the coefficients b and c for CSML. The cumulative gas production in all hours significantly increased in treatment CSEML, CSML and CSL ( P < 0.05). The highest amount ( P < 0.05) of produced gas, organic matter disappearance, apparently degraded substrate (ADS) and microbial crude protein (MCP) were affected by silage additives and increased for CSE (519 and 485 mg g −1 of DM, respectively). In addition, ADS and MCP were affected ( P < 0.05) by silage additives and increased for CSE (519 and 485 mg g −1 of DM, respectively). The concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) increased ( P < 0.05) significantly for CSML (0.414 mmol l −1 ). However, the amount of metabolizable energy (ME) and pH were not affected by experimental treatment ( P > 0.05). In vitro digestibility of dry matter (DMD) and in vitro digestibility of NDF (NDFD) increased ( P < 0.05) for CSML and the highest concentration of ammonia-N was observed in silage without additive. The result of these experiments showed due to the positive effect of a treatment containing molasses and lactic acid bacteria (CSML), maybe the treatment with it will be effective in improving the nutritional value of conocarpus leaves in ruminants.

中文翻译：

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用糖蜜、外源酶和植物乳杆菌对直立松树叶进行青贮对瘤胃羊沼气生产和发酵的影响

本研究旨在评估应用糖蜜 (5% w/w) (M)、外源酶（纤维素酶；6 百万 U kg -1 ）（E）和植物乳杆菌（3 × 10 5 cfu g -1新鲜材料）（LAB）对锥果叶青贮特性的影响。研究了八种处理方法；(1) 无添加剂（芋头青贮饲料：CS），(2) CS + E (CSE)，(3) CS + M (CSM)，(4) CS + LAB (CSL)，(5) CS + E + M (CSEM)、(6) CS + E + LAB (CSEL)、(7) CS + M + LAB (CSML) 和 (8) CS + E + M + LAB (CSEML)。对于 CSE，观察到最低量 ( P < 0.05) 的无灰中性洗涤纤维 (NDF) 和无灰酸性洗涤纤维。pH值仅受糖蜜添加影响（ P < 0.05），而芋头青贮的氨氮浓度受糖蜜影响（ P < 0.05），同时CSEM和CSM显着降低。产气参数和体外消化率的结果表明，青贮饲料添加剂的使用导致 CSML 系数 b 和 c 增加（ P < 0.05）。CSEML、CSML和CSL处理各小时累积产气量显着增加（ P < 0.05）。产生的气体、有机物消失、明显降解的底物 (ADS) 和微生物粗蛋白 (MCP) 的最高量 ( P < 0.05) 受青贮添加剂的影响，并增加了 CSE（分别为 519 和 485 mg g -1 DM） ）。此外，ADS 和 MCP 受到青贮饲料添加剂的影响（ P < 0.05），并增加了 CSE（分别为 519 和 485 mg g -1 的 DM）。对于 CSML (0.414 mmol l -1 )，短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 的浓度显着增加（ P < 0.05）。然而，代谢能（ME）和pH值不受实验处理的影响（ P > 0.05）。对于 CSML，干物质 (DMD) 的体外消化率 (DMD) 和 NDF (NDFD) 的体外消化率 (NDFD) 增加（ P < 0.05），并且在没有添加剂的青贮饲料中观察到最高浓度的氨氮。这些实验的结果表明，由于含有糖蜜和乳酸菌 (CSML) 的处理的积极效果，用它处理可能会有效提高反刍动物的锥果叶的营养价值。