Aggressive behavior may increase or decrease in troglobitic fishes, compared to epigean ones. Herein, we present the agonistic behavior repertoire and the causes that determine the dominance of two Brazilian cave catfishes: Glaphyropoma spinosum and putative undescribed Copionodon species. Both belong to Copionodontinae group, a small basal Trichomycteridae subfamily, and coexist in sandstone caves from Chapada Diamantina, northeastern Brazil. The results were compared with those exhibited by an epigean and syntopic species, Copionodon pecten. The fishes were paired and filmed until dominance was established; frequency of attacks was quantified and statistically analyzed. Cave copionodontine is one of the most hostile among subterranean fishes, with high frequency and complexity of aggressive components, including five new behavior components. Determinant factors for establishing dominance are body size, physical strength, and territoriality. Dominance is probably maintained by avoidance behavior by the subordinate and continuous attacks by the dominant. They are highly intolerant to conspecific, which may be a consequence of territoriality or feeding context. Two hypotheses may explain the agonistic behavior of cave species: (1) It is the maintenance of their ancestral behavior, being plesiomorphic in relation to the remaining Trichomycteridae subfamilies, corroborated by phototactic and spontaneous behavior; (2) It is an autapomorphy for Copionodontinae, due to new evolutionary acquisitions. The epigean C. pecten, in contrast, is much less aggressive, and the high tolerance to conspecific and the absence of accentuated territoriality may be explained by the food and/or space abundance in its natural habitats.

中文翻译：

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来自巴西的地下Copionodontinae fish鱼（Siluriformes：Trichomycteridae）的领土和激动行为

与epi虾相比，攻击性行为可能会增加或减少穴居鱼类的行为。在这里，我们介绍了激动剂的行为表和决定两个巴西洞穴cat鱼占主导地位的原因：刺藻Glaphyropoma spinosum和假定的未描述的Copionodon物种。两者均属于小型基毛龙科亚纲科隆齿科，并共存于巴西东北部Chapada Diamantina的砂岩洞穴中。将结果与表皮和同位物种Copionodon pecten展示的结果进行比较。将鱼配对并拍成影片，直到确立优势为止。量化攻击频率并进行统计分析。洞穴齿齿龙是地下鱼类中最敌对的物种之一，攻击性成分的频率高且复杂，包括五个新的行为成分。确立统治地位的决定性因素是身材大小，体力和地域性。支配地位可以通过下属的回避行为和统治者的连续攻击来保持。它们对同种异化非常不宽容，这可能是地域性或进食环境的结果。以下两个假说可以解释洞穴物种的激动行为：（1）它是其祖先行为的维持，相对于其余的蛇眼科亚科具有多形性，通过光战术和自发的行为得到证实；（2）由于新的进化习性，它是齿形齿科的共形。壁ge相比之下，果胶梭菌的侵略性要小得多，其对特定物种的高度耐受性和不加强调的地域性可以用其自然栖息地中的食物和/或空间丰富来解释。