After an earthquake, the goal of emergency rescue work is to minimize the number of casualties and save lives. The most important initial task is the rapid assessment of the number of earthquake casualties. At present, the rapid assessment of casualties relies primarily on census data rather than real-time population data in an earthquake area. Features of the census data, such as their low accuracy and time lag, can easily cause large errors in the assessment result; thus, the assessment result cannot always reflect the actual situation in an earthquake area. In this paper, we use phone signal data to construct a population density model and estimate the real-time population in a seismic area. The results show that the estimated population is consistent with the actual data in the study area. Finally, we obtain a real-time population distribution map of the study area. The real-time distribution of the population is consistent with the actual situation based on the economic and social development of the study area. The population in an urban area is relatively dense, whereas that in a rural area is less dense. The results show that phone signal data can play a useful role in estimating the real-time population when an earthquake occurs and can be used to support earthquake emergency rescue work.

中文翻译：

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基于电话信号的震区实时人口估计研究-以九寨沟地震为例

地震后，紧急救援工作的目标是最大程度地减少人员伤亡和挽救生命。最重要的初始任务是快速评估地震伤亡人数。目前，对伤亡人数的快速评估主要依靠人口普查数据，而不是地震地区的实时人口数据。普查数据的特征，例如准确性低和时滞，很容易在评估结果中引起较大的误差；因此，评估结果不能总是反映地震地区的实际情况。在本文中，我们使用电话信号数据构建人口密度模型，并估计地震区域中的实时人口。结果表明，估计人口与研究区域的实际数据相符。最后，我们获得了研究区域的实时人口分布图。根据研究区域的经济和社会发展，人口的实时分布与实际情况相符。城市地区的人口相对密集，而农村地区的人口较少。结果表明，电话信号数据在估计地震发生时的实时数量方面可以发挥有用的作用，并且可以用于支持地震紧急救援工作。