A discolouration concept is proposed describing simultaneous pipe wall material accumulation and mobilisation processes that define discolouration in drinking water distribution systems, one of the biggest causes of customer dissatisfaction. Validation of these mathematical forms is presented. The model formulation was shown to maintain the mobilisation functionality of previous validated shear-stress-dependant modelling tool, but requiring only two empirical parameters. Two distinct operational datasets are then analysed and robust empirical model parameter calibration is obtained utilising a refined particle swarm optimisation technique. The model is shown to make usefully accurate simulations for flow mediated events, providing evidence of predictive capabilities. The combined tracking of accumulation and mobilisation behaviour enables assessment of the current and future discolouration risk posed by any pipe irrespective of age or material, allowing pro-active, risk based planning and prioritisation of maintenance interventions to protect the quality of delivered water.

中文翻译：

---

使用粒子群算法对水分配系统变色的累积和动员组合模型进行校准和验证

提出了一种变色概念，描述了同时发生的管道壁材料堆积和移动过程，这些过程定义了饮用水分配系统中变色，这是引起客户不满的最大原因之一。这些数学形式的验证。结果表明，该模型公式可保持先前已验证的依赖剪应力的建模工具的动员功能，但仅需要两个经验参数。然后分析两个不同的操作数据集，并使用改进的粒子群优化技术获得鲁棒的经验模型参数校准。该模型显示出对流介导的事件进行了有用的准确模拟，提供了预测能力的证据。