The time-temperature superposition principle (TTSP) is often used to estimate the viscoelastic behavior of polymers. It can also be used to evaluate the influence of a given variable, or set of variables, on viscoelastic properties. In this research, the effects of time, temperature, fiber volume fraction and the relative crystallinity of polyamide (PA) and glass fiber-reinforced polyamide (GFRPA) were investigated using the time-temperature superposition principle to estimate viscoelastic behavior under each set of conditions. The crystallinities of PA and GFRPA, which ranged from 33 to 45%, were controlled by adjusting the duration of crystallization as 250 °C. Creep tests were carried out with these materials, and creep compliance curves of each condition were obtained. Using these creep compliance curves, the master curves for temperature, and the grand master curves for crystallinity and for fiber volume fraction were generated to show the relationships between fiber volume fraction, crystallinity, and viscoelastic parameters. Furthermore, the great-grand master curve for crystallinity and fiber volume fraction was generated to predict creep behavior in an arbitrarily condition. The predicted data were in good agreement with experimental results. A method for estimating creep deformation taking into account the effects of influencing variables was developed. The time-temperature superposition principle (TTSP) was applied to the effects of the fiber volume fraction and crystallinity. Grand master curves for crystallinity and fiber volume fraction were obtained by shifting the corresponding master curves. This study demonstrates that the creep behaviors of fiber-reinforced plastics can be estimated using these shift factors and a great-grand master curve. This method yielded estimates of creep deformation that fitted well with experimental results. Based on our findings, it should be possible to control creep deformation in plastics or fiber-reinforced resins by controlling the fiber volume fraction and the crystallinity of the matrix material.

中文翻译：

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考虑结晶度和纤维体积分数的影响，估算玻璃纤维增​​强聚酰胺的蠕变行为

时间-温度叠加原理（TTSP）通常用于估计聚合物的粘弹性行为。它也可用于评估给定变量或一组变量对粘弹性的影响。在这项研究中，使用时间-温度叠加原理研究时间，温度，纤维体积分数以及聚酰胺（PA）和玻璃纤维增​​强聚酰胺（GFRPA）的相对结晶度的影响，以评估每种条件下的粘弹性行为。通过将结晶时间调整为250°C，可以控制PA和GFRPA的结晶度，范围为33％至45％。用这些材料进行了蠕变测试，并获得了每种条件的蠕变柔度曲线。使用这些蠕变柔量曲线，温度的主曲线，并生成了结晶度和纤维体积分数的主曲线，以显示纤维体积分数，结晶度和粘弹性参数之间的关系。此外，生成了结晶度和纤维体积分数的大主曲线，以预测任意条件下的蠕变行为。预测数据与实验结果吻合良好。开发了一种考虑到影响变量影响的蠕变变形估计方法。将时间-温度叠加原理（TTSP）应用于纤维体积分数和结晶度的影响。通过移动相应的主曲线可获得结晶度和纤维体积分数的主曲线。这项研究表明，可以使用这些位移因子和巨大的主曲线来估计纤维增强塑料的蠕变行为。该方法得出的蠕变变形估计值与实验结果非常吻合。根据我们的发现，应该可以通过控制纤维体积分数和基体材料的结晶度来控制塑料或纤维增强树脂的蠕变变形。