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Rheology of a nematic active suspension undergoing oscillatory shear and step strain flows
Rheologica Acta ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-14 , DOI: 10.1007/s00397-019-01178-4
Sara Malvar , Bruno S. Carmo , Francisco R. Cunha

We investigate experimentally the rheology of an active suspension of nematodes C. elegans under oscillatory shear. There are few experimental investigations and theoretical work on the oscillatory rheological properties including elastic and viscous moduli of micro-swimmer suspensions. The viscous and elastic moduli are evaluated by our experiments in the regime of linear viscoelasticity. These viscoelastic quantities are explored at low frequency given the active suspension viscosity and the shear elastic modulus. The experiments have revealed an anomalous behavior of the viscosity and the shear elastic modulus with the variation of the suspension volume fraction. The suspension relative viscosity decreased with the increase of active particles within a certain range of volume fraction. However, above a critical particle volume fraction, the relative viscosity increases. This observed increase of the viscosity for larger concentration is a direct consequence of formation of large and coherent oriented structures and active particle interactions. This collective behavior also increases the first normal stress difference N1, obtained through Cox–Merz rule. Three different regions are obtained regarding different involved mechanisms and a physical interpretation is provided based on the particles dipole stresslet. Step strain tests are carried out and the active relaxation time as a function of volume fractions are obtained. An intrinsic oscillatory behavior is observed regardless the volume fraction, showing the non-equilibrium condition of the active suspension.

中文翻译:

经历振荡剪切和阶跃应变流的向列活性悬浮液的流变学

我们通过实验研究了线虫线虫在振荡剪切下的活性悬浮液的流变学。关于微型游泳者悬架的弹性和粘性模量等振荡流变特性的实验研究和理论工作很少。粘性和弹性模量通过我们在线性粘弹性范围内的实验进行评估。考虑到主动悬浮粘度和剪切弹性模量,在低频下探索这些粘弹性量。实验揭示了粘度和剪切弹性模量随悬浮液体积分数变化的异常行为。在一定的体积分数范围内,悬浮液的相对粘度随着活性颗粒的增加而降低。然而,高于临界粒子体积分数,相对粘度增加。对于较大浓度观察到的粘度增加是形成大且连贯的定向结构和活性颗粒相互作用的直接结果。这种集体行为也增加了通过 Cox-Merz 规则获得的第一法向应力差 N1。获得了关于不同涉及机制的三个不同区域,并基于粒子偶极应力波提供了物理解释。进行阶跃应变测试并获得作为体积分数的函数的主动弛豫时间。无论体积分数如何,都观察到固有的振荡行为,显示了主动悬浮液的非平衡条件。对于较大浓度观察到的粘度增加是形成大且连贯的定向结构和活性颗粒相互作用的直接结果。这种集体行为也增加了通过 Cox-Merz 规则获得的第一法向应力差 N1。获得了关于不同涉及机制的三个不同区域,并基于粒子偶极应力波提供了物理解释。进行阶跃应变测试并获得作为体积分数的函数的主动弛豫时间。无论体积分数如何,都观察到固有的振荡行为,显示了主动悬浮液的非平衡条件。对于较大浓度观察到的粘度增加是形成大且连贯的定向结构和活性颗粒相互作用的直接结果。这种集体行为也增加了通过 Cox-Merz 规则获得的第一法向应力差 N1。获得了关于不同涉及机制的三个不同区域,并基于粒子偶极应力波提供了物理解释。进行阶跃应变测试并获得作为体积分数的函数的主动弛豫时间。无论体积分数如何,都观察到固有的振荡行为,显示了主动悬浮液的非平衡条件。这种集体行为也增加了通过 Cox-Merz 规则获得的第一法向应力差 N1。获得了关于不同涉及机制的三个不同区域,并基于粒子偶极应力波提供了物理解释。进行阶跃应变测试并获得作为体积分数的函数的主动弛豫时间。无论体积分数如何,都观察到固有的振荡行为,显示了主动悬浮液的非平衡条件。这种集体行为也增加了通过 Cox-Merz 规则获得的第一法向应力差 N1。获得了关于不同涉及机制的三个不同区域,并基于粒子偶极应力波提供了物理解释。进行阶跃应变测试并获得作为体积分数的函数的主动弛豫时间。无论体积分数如何,都观察到固有的振荡行为,显示了主动悬浮液的非平衡条件。
更新日期:2019-11-14
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