Understanding the effects of abiotic environmental factors on invasive plants species traits is of importance for practical prevention. To examine the effects of soil fertility and flooding regime on the growth of Ambrosia trifida L., a mesocosm experiment was conducted for 18 weeks. Two levels of soil fertility (high and low) and three types of flooding regime (non-flooded, flooded, and periodically flooded) were prepared. Shoot height and dry weight of each plant were measured. We found both individual and interactive effects of soil fertility and flooding regime on the overall growth performance of A. trifida (p < 0.05). The highest shoot height (154.7 ± 4.4 cm) and total dry weight (TDW, 13.0 ± 1.4 g) were obtained under high fertility and non-flooded condition. Height and weight were relatively low under flooding conditions (flooded and periodically flooded). In particular, shoot height (102.3 ± 3.2 cm) and TDW (3.2 ± 0.3 g) were the lowest under low fertility and periodically flooded condition. On the other hand, the ratio of above- to below-ground dry weight was relatively high under flooded conditions, showing the adaptive phenotypic plasticity. Adventitious root formation and more biomass allocation to shoots were a flooding-adaptive mechanism of A. trifida, well developed under high fertility condition. We suggest maintaining appropriate water regime and avoiding eutrophication in wetlands would be necessary to prevent A. trifida from invading. These findings will contribute to the conservation of biodiversity in wetlands by effective management of A. trifida.

中文翻译：

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土壤肥力和淹水方式对Tribrida Ambrosia生长的影响

了解非生物环境因素对入侵植物物种性状的影响对于实际预防很重要。为了研究土壤肥力和淹水方式对Tribrida L. Ambrosia生长的影响，进行了中观试验18周。准备了两个水平的土壤肥力（高和低）和三种类型的洪水制度（非淹没，淹没和定期淹没）。测量每株植物的苗高和干重。我们发现土壤肥力和淹水方式对A. trifida（p <0.05）。在高肥力和非淹水条件下，可获得最高的芽高（154.7±4.4 cm）和总干重（TDW，13.0±1.4 g）。在洪水条件下（淹水并定期淹水），身高和体重相对较低。特别是在低肥力和周期性淹水的条件下，枝条高（102.3±3.2 cm）和TDW（3.2±0.3 g）最低。另一方面，在淹水条件下，地上干重与地下干重的比率相对较高，显示了自适应表型可塑性。不定根的形成和更多的生物量分配给新芽是A. trifida的洪泛适应机制。在高肥力条件下发育良好。我们建议保持适当的供水制度并避免在湿地富营养化，以防止Trifida入侵。这些发现将通过有效管理曲霉有助于湿地生物多样性的保护。