Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are traditionally employed in the food industry. LAB strains from goat milk may also present probiotic potential, and it is fundamental to study the safety and functionality aspects which are desirable for their use in food. The objective of this study was to verify the probiotic potential of lactic bacteria isolated from goat milk. The presence of safety-related virulence factors (hemolytic activity, gelatinase production, coagulase, and sensitivity to antibiotics) as well as functionality (exopolysaccharide (EPS) production, proteolytic activity, autoaggregation, gas production, survival in the gastrointestinal tract, and antimicrobial activity against bacteria that impair oral health) were determined. The selected LAB strains are safe against the evaluated parameters and have characteristics of possible probiotic candidates. Especially L. plantarum (DF60Mi) and Lactococcus lactis (DF04Mi) have potential to be added to foods because they have better resistance to simulated gastrointestinal conditions. In addition, they are isolated with already proven antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes, an important food-borne pathogen. DF60Mi was able to produce EPS (exopolysaccharides). LS2 and DF4Mi strains, both Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, demonstrated antimicrobial activity against S. mutans ATCC 25175, a recurrent microorganism in oral pathologies, mainly caries. This study provides subsidies for future exploration of the potentialities of these LAB strains for both the development of new functional foods and for application in oral health.

中文翻译：

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分离的羊乳乳酸菌的安全性和益生菌功能

传统上，乳酸菌（LAB）用于食品工业。来自山羊奶的LAB菌株也可能具有益生菌的潜力，研究用于食品中的安全性和功能性方面至关重要。这项研究的目的是验证从山羊奶中分离出的乳酸菌的益生菌潜力。存在与安全相关的毒力因子（溶血活性，明胶酶产生，凝固酶和对抗生素的敏感性）以及功能性（胞外多糖（EPS）产生，蛋白水解活性，自动聚集，气体产生，胃肠道存活率和抗菌活性对细菌的健康有影响）。所选的LAB菌株对评估的参数安全，并具有可能的益生菌候选物的特征。尤其是植物乳杆菌（DF60Mi）和乳酸乳球菌（DF04Mi）可能会添加到食品中，因为它们对模拟胃肠道的抵抗力更好。此外，还分离出了具有业已证明的抗单核细胞增生李斯特菌（一种重要的食源性病原体）的抗菌活性。DF60Mi能够产生EPS（胞外多糖）。LS2和DF4Mi菌株，均为乳酸乳球菌亚种。乳酸菌对变形链球菌ATCC 25175具有抗菌活性，ATCC 25175是口腔疾病（主要是龋齿）中的复发性微生物。