ABSTRACT. A recent survey of the aquatic fauna in the rio Xingu, Pará State, Brazil, revealed a new species of Drulia Gray 1867, an extraordinary genus of freshwater sponge endemic to South America. Drulia cristinae n. sp. is distinguished in part by having gemmoscleres typically with elliptical outline and outer face with small, central crest or irregular bulge (exceptionally nude), oscules set atop conical projections of skeleton, and microscleres minute, wholly nanospined amphioxea. A taxonomic key is presented for the six species now composing the restored and redefined genus Drulia: D. brownii, D. cristata, D. uruguayensis, D. conifera, D. ctenosclera and D. cristinae n. sp. Furthermore, the monotypic South American genus Houssayella is retained as valid in Spongillidae on the basis of sharing gemmoscleres with true birotulate pattern (i.e., symmetrical disks separated by short or long, spiny or smooth shaft).

中文翻译：

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Drulia cristinae，来自巴西亚马逊盆地里约辛古的海绵新种（Porifera：Demospongiae：Poecilosclerida：Metaniidae Volkmer-Ribeiro，1986）

摘要。最近对巴西帕拉州新古里约的水生动物群进行的一项调查揭示了一种新的 Drulia Grey 1867 种，这是南美洲特有的淡水海绵的一种特殊属。Drulia cristinae n. sp. 部分特征在于具有通常具有椭圆形轮廓和外表面的宝石核，具有小的中央嵴或不规则的凸起（特别是裸体），小眼位于骨骼的圆锥形投影顶部，以及微巩膜微小的，完全纳米带刺的两栖动物。为现在组成恢复和重新定义的 Drulia 属的六个物种提供了分类学关键字：D. brownii、D. cristata、D. uruguayensis、D. conifera、D. ctenosclera 和 D. cristinae n。sp. 此外，单型的南美 Houssayella 属在 Spongillidae 中仍然有效，这是基于共享具有真正双轮动模式的宝石核（即，