In the development process of holographic displays like holographic Head-Mounted Displays (hHMD) the simulation of the complete optical system is strongly required. This especially includes the correct behaviour of the volume holographic grating (VHG) in terms of its optical function and its diffraction efficiency. The latter is not supported by the current version of Zemax®; OpticStudio 17, one of the most popular optic simulation tools. To solve this problem we implemented a C++ code for each raytracing mode of Zemax®;, namely the sequential and non-sequential. The C++ code calculates the grating vector for every single ray traced. Based on the k-sphere formalism the propagation direction of the diffracted light is determined. Furthermore, its diffraction efficiency is defined according to Kogelnik’s coupled-wave theory. The C++ code is compiled and linked into Zemax®; using the Windows Dynamic Link Library (DLL). The aforementioned DLL enables the simulation of planar and arbitrarily spherical curved VHG and their diffraction efficiency within Zemax®; OpticStudio. This allows the fast, easy and reliable simulation of optical systems which include holograms or holographic optical elements, e.g. hHMD. Especially the simulation of VHG in non-sequential mode can be helpful in order to identify possible stray light paths. The implemented C++ code enables the user to simulate VHG and its diffraction efficiency within Zemax®; Optic Studio.

中文翻译：

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体全息光栅的顺序和非顺序仿真

在诸如全息头戴式显示器（hHMD）的全息显示器的开发过程中，强烈需要对整个光学系统进行仿真。这尤其包括体积全息光栅（VHG）的光学功能和衍射效率方面的正确行为。当前版本的Zemax®不支持后者。OpticStudio 17，最受欢迎的光学仿真工具之一。为解决此问题，我们为Zemax®的每种光线跟踪模式（即顺序和非顺序）实现了C ++代码。C ++代码为跟踪的每条光线计算光栅矢量。基于k球形式，确定衍射光的传播方向。此外，其衍射效率是根据Kogelnik的耦合波理论定义的。C ++代码已编译并链接到Zemax®；使用Windows动态链接库（DLL）。前述的DLL可以在Zemax®中模拟平面和任意球面弯曲的VHG及其衍射效率。OpticStudio。这允许对包括全息图或全息光学元件（例如hHMD）的光学系统进行快速，轻松和可靠的仿真。尤其是在非顺序模式下对VHG进行仿真有助于识别可能的杂散光路。实施的C ++代码使用户可以在Zemax®中模拟VHG及其衍射效率。光学工作室。这允许对包括全息图或全息光学元件（例如hHMD）的光学系统进行快速，轻松和可靠的仿真。尤其是在非顺序模式下对VHG进行仿真有助于识别可能的杂散光路。实施的C ++代码使用户可以在Zemax®中模拟VHG及其衍射效率。光学工作室。这允许对包括全息图或全息光学元件（例如hHMD）的光学系统进行快速，轻松和可靠的仿真。尤其是在非顺序模式下对VHG进行仿真有助于识别可能的杂散光路。实施的C ++代码使用户可以在Zemax®中模拟VHG及其衍射效率。光学工作室。