Cardiovascular disease is growing epidemically worldwide, multiplying the impact of increasingly aging populations on intensive care unit (ICU) demand. It is the leading cause of ICU admission, length of stay, mortality and, as a result, cost. Hence, there is a significant need to bring the gains in productivity enabled by automation and control systems technologies, which have arisen in so many sectors, to medicine and this field in particular. This review presents the background to the problem and the main issues arising in care from a control systems technology perspective. It then presents a vision of a more automated future with specific goals in the areas of dynamic systems modelling, system identification and control. These areas are reviewed, followed by specific recommendations for the field, where control systems expertise can be leveraged to best advantage.

在世界范围内，心血管疾病正在迅速蔓延，人口老龄化对重症监护病房（ICU）的需求成倍增加。这是入住ICU，住院时间，死亡率和费用的主要原因。因此，迫切需要将在众多领域中出现的，由自动化和控制系统技术带来的生产率提高带入医学领域，尤其是该领域。这篇综述从控制系统技术的角度介绍了问题的背景以及护理中出现的主要问题。然后，它提出了在自动化系统建模，系统识别和控制领域具有特定目标的更加自动化的未来愿景。审查了这些领域，然后提出了针对该领域的具体建议，