This study deals with the development of drum brake liner for a multi-utility vehicle possessing a hydraulic brake system by varying 7 weight % of steel fiber and stainless steel fiber each, in friction composite formulations. The developed friction composites were tested for physical, chemical, corrosion, mechanical, thermal properties, and tribological characteristics, under near-actual conditions using an inertia dynamometer as per industrial standards. Finite element analysis software (ANSYS) analysis was performed to show the thermal stress distribution of the developed friction composites at the maximum temperature rise due to heat generated during brake stops, and an extensive evaluation method was used to rank the composites. The study concludes that the brake factor of the stainless steel fiber-based friction composite produces stable performance in all conditions with a lower liner temperature rise of 340 °C and lower thermal stress at 4.255294 MPa. However, the steel fiber-based composites produced high performance at the beginning but deteriorated after a certain period due to higher levels of corrosion and a high temperature rise of 361 °C resulting in a negative fade (−0.84%) and more thermal stress (5.619102 MPa). The primary plateau, secondary plateau, back transfer of drum wear debris, and the distribution of constituents on the worn surface of the developed composites in a resin matrix were identified and studied using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy-dispersive spectroscopy.

中文翻译：

---

不锈钢纤维基无铜制动衬片配方的开发和表征：钢纤维替代的积极解决方案

这项研究致力于开发具有液压制动系统的多功能汽车鼓式制动衬板，该方法通过改变摩擦复合材料配方中钢纤维和不锈钢纤维的重量百分比分别为7％。根据工业标准，使用惯性测功机在接近实际条件下，对开发的摩擦复合材料进行了物理，化学，腐蚀，机械，热性能和摩擦学特性测试。进行了有限元分析软件（ANSYS）分析，以显示在制动停止期间产生的热量导致的最大温度升高下，开发的摩擦复合材料的热应力分布，并使用了广泛的评估方法对复合材料进行排名。研究得出的结论是，不锈钢纤维基摩擦复合材料的制动因数在所有条件下均具有稳定的性能，其衬里温度升高较低，为340°C，而在4.255294 MPa时，热应力较低。然而，由于较高水平的腐蚀和361°C的高温升高，钢纤维基复合材料在一开始就产生了高性能，但在一定时期后却劣化了，从而导致负褪色（-0.84％）和更大的热应力（ 5.619102 MPa）。使用配备了能量色散光谱仪的扫描电子显微镜（SEM）识别并研究了初级高原，次级高原，鼓磨损残渣的后移以及在树脂基体中已开发复合材料的磨损表面上的成分分布。