Information systems have become indispensable to the competitiveness of ports, facilitating communication and decision making for enhancing the visibility, efficiency, reliability, and security in port operations under various conditions. Providing value-added information services and analytics is increasingly important to maintain a competitive edge and to fulfill regulatory requirements. Consequently, it is necessary to survey current information systems both from an academic and practical standpoint. In this paper, we present a classification and a comprehensive survey of information systems and related information technologies applied in ports. As such, the paper provides a state-of-the-art information-centric view on port operations and aims to bridge the gap between industry solutions and academic works.

中文翻译：

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海港信息系统：分类和概述

信息系统已成为港口竞争力必不可少的组成部分，它促进了通信和决策制定，以增强各种条件下港口运营的可见性，效率，可靠性和安全性。提供增值信息服务和分析对于保持竞争优势和满足法规要求越来越重要。因此，有必要从学术和实践角度对当前的信息系统进行调查。在本文中，我们对港口中使用的信息系统和相关信息技术进行了分类和全面综述。因此，本文提供了有关港口运营的最新信息中心观点，旨在弥合行业解决方案与学术著作之间的鸿沟。