Abstract

Purpose

The study is aimed to investigate the expression of PAX3 in bilateral paravertebral muscles in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and controls, and to further clarify its association with the paravertebral muscle volume and curve severity.

Methods

Ten AIS patients and 10 age-matched controls with lumbar disc herniation were included. Bilateral biopsies of paravertebral muscles were obtained at the apical vertebral level for patients and at L5 level for controls. The concave and convex expression of PAX3 was compared between the two groups. The AIS patients were evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging scan of the spine at the apex. The muscle volume of apical paravertebral muscles were measured and compared between concave and convex side. Correlation between concave/convex PAX3 expression ratio and concave/convex muscle volume ratio was analyzed.

Results

AIS patients were found to have significantly lower PAX3 expression than controls (p < 0.001). Moreover, PAX3 expression on the concave side was lower than that on the convex side in AIS (p = 0.003). The muscle volume on the concave side was smaller than convex side as well (p = 0.001). The PAX3 expression ratio was significantly correlated with the muscle volume ratio (r = 0.745, p = 0.013); however, there was no significant correlation between PAX3 expression ratio and Cobb angle (r = 0.284, p = 0.427).

Conclusion

The PAX3 muscle expression and paravertebral muscle volume were asymmetric in AIS patients, and the expression ratio was positively related with the muscle volume ratio. These findings suggested PAX3 might have functional role in the development of AIS via regulating development of paravertebral muscle.

Graphic abstract

These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.

中文翻译：

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椎旁肌肉发育异常与青少年特发性脊柱侧凸中 PAX3 的异常表达有关

摘要

目的

本研究旨在调查青少年特发性脊柱侧凸 (AIS) 和对照组双侧椎旁肌肉中PAX3的表达，并进一步阐明其与椎旁肌肉体积和曲线严重程度的关系。

方法

包括 10 名 AIS 患者和 10 名年龄匹配的腰椎间盘突出症患者。双侧椎旁肌肉活检在患者的顶端椎体水平获得，对照组在 L5 水平获得。比较两组PAX3的凹凸表达情况。对 AIS 患者进行了顶点脊柱磁共振成像扫描的评估。测量了椎旁肌肉的肌肉体积，并在凹侧和凸侧之间进行了比较。分析凹/凸PAX3表达比与凹/凸肌肉体积比之间的相关性。

结果

发现 AIS 患者的PAX3表达明显低于对照组 ( p  < 0.001)。此外，在 AIS 中，凹侧的PAX3表达低于凸侧的 PAX3 表达（p  = 0.003）。凹侧的肌肉体积也小于凸侧（p  = 0.001）。PAX3表达比与肌肉体积比显着相关（r  =0.745，p  =0.013）；然而， PAX3表达率与 Cobb 角之间没有显着相关性（ r  = 0.284，p  = 0.427）。

结论

AIS患者PAX3肌肉表达和椎旁肌肉体积不对称，表达比例与肌肉体积比例呈正相关。这些发现表明PAX3可能通过调节椎旁肌肉的发育在 AIS 的发展中发挥功能性作用。

图形摘要

这些幻灯片可以在电子补充材料下检索。