Purpose of Review

The rapidly warming Arctic climate may affect weather in middle latitudes, but controversies remain as to mechanisms and robustness. Here, I synthesize recent advances in this rapidly changing field and summarize recommendations on paths forward.

Recent Findings

Initial “black-and-white” debates about whether Arctic amplification (AA) affects mid-latitude circulation have evolved toward a more nuanced perspective awash in gray. Recent research has demonstrated myriad ways in which AA can influence weather remotely and explored whether any Arctic-based signal is significant against the backdrop of natural variability.

Summary

The popularity of and controversies surrounding this topic have spurred a multitude of approaches and often-conflicting studies that have widened the envelope of our understanding but hindered a scientific consensus. This messy but necessary exploratory phase of independent investigations is benefiting from recent efforts by the research community to self-organize through workshops, working groups, and coordinated experiments.

中文翻译：

---

北极放大作用对中纬度天气和气候的影响

审查目的

迅速变暖的北极气候可能会影响中纬度地区的天气，但在机制和鲁棒性方面仍存在争议。在这里，我综合了这个快速变化领域中的最新进展，并总结了前进道路的建议。

最近的发现

最初有关北极放大率（AA）是否影响中纬度环流的“黑白”争论已经演变成更加细微的灰色视角。最近的研究表明，机管局可以通过多种方式远程影响天气，并探讨了在自然可变性的背景下，任何基于北极的信号是否均具有重要意义。

概要

围绕该主题的流行和争议激发了许多方法和经常相互冲突的研究，这些研究拓宽了我们的理解范围，但却阻碍了科学共识。研究机构最近通过工作坊，工作组和协调实验进行自我组织的努力，使这一独立调查的混乱但必要的探索阶段受益匪浅。