Peste de Petits Ruminants (PPR) is an acute or sub-acute highly contagious viral disease of small ruminants caused by morbillivirus and associated with high mortality and morbidity rates in naïve populations, colossal economic losses, reduced production and productivity as well as high control costs. Sero-surveys conducted in Somalia between 2006 and 2009 revealed sero-prevalence of 6.5% in north-western Somalia, 28.7% in north-eastern Somalia, 32.6% in central Somalia and 37.6% in southern Somalia. Somalia, like other countries in conflict, has limited capacity to control PPR. In this regard, Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) conducted country-wide PPR vaccination campaigns covering the five zones of Somalia, namely, Banadir, central, north-eastern, north-western and southern using a public-private partnership approach. Approximately 20 million sheep and goats constituting 60% of the estimated Somalia national small ruminant population were targeted for vaccination in entire Somalia in 2012. Data on vaccination was captured using FAO’s Form Monitoring Tool (FMT) software. The overall unit cost of PPR vaccination was estimated to be USD 0.28 per animal. Two serological surveys were conducted before and after the vaccination campaigns where a two-stage cluster sampling methodology was used to collect sera samples for analysis. The results showed an overall increase in individual animal sero-prevalence from 62 to 76% after PPR vaccination campaign. This paper primarily focuses on practicality of PPR control in Somalia, a conflict-affected and fragile zone, which can be adopted by other countries.

中文翻译：

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血清流行性研究，以确定在索马里的小反刍动物疫苗接种的有效性

小反刍兽疫（PPR）是由小反刍动物引起的急性或亚急性高度传染性病毒病，由轮状病毒引起，与幼稚人群的高死亡率和高发病率，巨大的经济损失，降低的产量和生产力以及较高的控制成本有关。2006年至2009年间在索马里进行的血清调查显示，索马里西北部的血清流行率为6.5％，索马里东北部为28.7％，索马里中部为32.6％，索马里南部为37.6％。与其他冲突国家一样，索马里控制PPR的能力也很有限。在这方面，联合国粮食及农业组织（粮农组织）利用公私伙伴关系，在索马里五个地区（即巴纳迪尔，中部，东北，西北和南部）开展了覆盖全国的PPR疫苗接种运动方法。2012年，约有2000万绵羊和山羊构成了估计的索马里全国小反刍动物种群的60％，整个索马里都进行了疫苗接种。疫苗接种的数据是使用粮农组织的形式监测工具（FMT）捕获的。PPR疫苗接种的总单位成本估计为每只动物0.28美元。在疫苗接种运动前后进行了两次血清学调查，其中使用了两阶段整群抽样方法来收集血清样本进行分析。结果表明，在进行PPR疫苗接种后，单个动物的血清总流行率从62％上升到76％。本文主要关注在受冲突影响和脆弱的索马里的PPR控制的实用性，其他国家也可以采用。