Catalytic dehydrogenation of light alkanes can effectively produce olefins and hydrogen. Even though Pt and CrO_x‐based catalysts are widely applied in industry, research to improve the activity and stability of these catalysts continued. This review summarizes important achievements obtained in recent years, focusing on the development of supports, promoters and preparation methods of Pt and CrO_x‐based catalysts, which mainly aimed to improve the dispersion of the active species and to enhance coke resistance. Furthermore, the high cost of Pt‐based catalysts and environmental problems encountered with CrO_x‐based catalysts have spurred the development of alternative catalysts. The dehydrogenation performances and characteristics of promising alternative VO_x‐, modified Ni‐ and Sn‐based catalysts are also reviewed. Comparison with the catalytic reforming process of naphtha further probes the necessity of catalyst acidity in these two different processes. The choice of the dehydrogenation reactor is discussed, and future perspectives and research directions are indicated.

中文翻译：

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工业和新型轻链烷烃催化脱氢催化剂的最新进展

轻烷烃的催化脱氢可有效生产烯烃和氢。尽管基于Pt和CrO _x的催化剂已广泛应用于工业中，但仍在继续进行研究以提高这些催化剂的活性和稳定性。这篇综述总结了近年来取得的重要成就，重点是基于Pt和CrO _x的催化剂的载体，助催化剂和制备方法的发展，其主要目的是改善活性物质的分散性并增强耐焦炭性。此外，Pt基催化剂的高成本以及CrO _x基催化剂遇到的环境问题也刺激了替代催化剂的开发。有前景的替代VO的脱氢性能和特性还回顾了_x，改性的Ni和Sn基催化剂。与石脑油催化重整工艺的比较进一步探讨了这两种不同工艺中催化剂酸度的必要性。讨论了脱氢反应器的选择，并指出了今后的展望和研究方向。