Clayey soils are usually stiff when they are dry and give up their stiffness as they become saturated. Soft clays are associated with low compressive strength and excessive settlement. This reduction in strength due to moisture leads to severe damages to buildings and foundations. The soil behavior can be a challenge to the designer build infrastructure plans to on clay deposits. The damage due to the expansive soils every year is expected to be $1 billion in the USA, £150 million in the UK, and many billions of pounds worldwide. The damages associated with expansive soils are not because of the lack of inadequate engineering solutions but to the failure to identify the existence and magnitude of expansion of these soils in the early stage of project planning. One of the methods for soil improvement is that the problematic soil is replaced by suitable soil. The high cost involved in this method has led researchers to identify alternative methods, and soil stabilization with different additives is one of those methods. Recently, modern scientific techniques of soil stabilization are on offer for this purpose. Stabilized soil is a composite material that is obtained from the combination and optimization of properties of constituent materials. Adding cementing agents such as lime, cement and industrial byproducts like fly ash and slag, with soil results in improved geotechnical properties. However, during the past few decades, a number of cases have been reported where sulfate-rich soils stabilized by cement or lime underwent a significant amount of heave leading to pavement failure. This research paper addressed the some fundamental and success soil improvement that used in civil engineering field.

中文翻译：

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土壤稳定基础

黏土在干燥时通常会变硬，并在饱和时放弃刚度。软粘土具有较低的抗压强度和过度沉降。由于水分引起的强度降低导致建筑物和地基的严重损坏。土壤行为可能对设计者建立粘土沉积基础设施计划构成挑战。每年因膨胀土壤造成的损害在美国预计为10亿美元，在英国为1.5亿英镑，在全球范围内为数十亿英镑。与膨胀土有关的破坏不是由于缺乏适当的工程解决方案，而是由于未能在项目规划的早期阶段就确定这些土的存在性和膨胀程度。改良土壤的方法之一是用合适的土壤代替有问题的土壤。这种方法涉及的高昂成本已导致研究人员找到替代方法，而使用不同添加剂进行土壤稳定化就是其中一种方法。最近，为此目的提供了现代的土壤稳定科学技术。稳定的土壤是一种复合材料，它是通过组合和优化组成材料的特性而获得的。添加固结剂（如石灰，水泥）和工业副产品（如粉煤灰和矿渣）以及土壤，可改善岩土工程性能。然而，在过去的几十年中，已经报道了许多案例，这些案例中，用水泥或石灰稳定的富含硫酸盐的土壤经历了大量的起伏，导致路面破坏。