Lime and nutrients are common agricultural amendments and when applied with fresh organic matter can alter the cycling of carbon (C) in soils. Previous research has focused on assessing either the impact of nutrients on C associated with specific soil fractions or the application of lime on C dynamics in the whole soil, without fully considering the potential interactions of lime and nutrients on changes in soil C. A short-term (77 days) incubation experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of lime and nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur) when added with ¹³C-labeled wheat straw on the incorporation of the wheat straw C into soil C. Respiration was measured throughout the incubation, and soil (a Yellow Chromosol or acidic Alfisol) was analyzed for C in the fine (<0.4 mm) and coarse (>0.4 mm) soil fractions after 77 days. There was greater C loss from the coarse fraction soil across all treatments when straw was incorporated, and lime application increased C loss from both fractions. Lime plus nutrients led to positive soil priming, a decrease in the preexisting soil C tracked through changes in ¹³C, and reduced conversion of straw C into the fine fraction soil C as compared with nutrients alone. The lime and lime plus nutrients added with straw reduced the net humification efficiencies (9.3 and 8.1%, respectively), compared with the unlimed or nutrient-only treatments (18.4 and 15.5%, respectively). Lime with supplementary nutrients was less effective in promoting the conversion of straw C into the fine fraction soil C compared with nutrients alone in this incubation experiment. Where lime and supplementary nutrients as fertilizer are routinely used to improve agricultural production, the lime may offset any benefit of the nutrients for conversion of straw C into the fine fraction soil C.

石灰和养分是常见的农业改良剂，当与新鲜有机物质一起使用时，可以改变土壤中碳 (C) 的循环。以前的研究集中在评估养分对与特定土壤组分相关的碳的影响或石灰对整个土壤中碳动态的影响，而没有充分考虑石灰和养分对土壤碳变化的潜在相互作用。进行了长期（77 天）孵化实验，以研究添加^{13时石灰和营养物质（氮、磷和硫）的影响。}将小麦秸秆 C 掺入土壤 C 中的 C 标记小麦秸秆。在整个孵化过程中测量呼吸，并分析土壤（黄色 Chromosol 或酸性 Alfisol）中细粒（<0.4 mm）和粗粒（> 0.4 mm) 77 天后的土壤组分。当掺入稻草时，所有处理的粗粒土壤中的碳损失更大，而石灰的施用增加了两种组分的碳损失。石灰加养分导致积极的土壤启动，通过^{13的变化跟踪预先存在的土壤 C 减少}C，与单独的养分相比，秸秆 C 转化为细小土壤 C 的转化率降低。与未加石灰或仅营养处理（分别为 18.4 和 15.5%）相比，石灰和石灰加养分与秸秆一起降低了净腐殖效率（分别为 9.3% 和 8.1%）。在该孵化实验中，与单独的养分相比，添加养分的石灰在促进秸秆碳转化为细粒土壤碳方面的效果较差。在常规使用石灰和作为肥料的补充养分来改善农业生产的情况下，石灰可能会抵消养分将秸秆碳转化为细粒土壤碳的任何好处。