The study of defense mechanisms of plants against herbivorous insects can clarify the evolutionary mechanisms of these interactions and has significant implications for agriculture. The herbivore Eurydema oleracea is an invasive crop pest; however, knowledge on how it affects plant immune responses is lacking. In the present study, we demonstrate that insect feeding causes the induction of both salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA)-mediated signaling pathways in infested Arabidopsis plants. Using transgenic SA-deficient NahG, we show that the two phytohormones crosstalk antagonistically. In particular, the rapid and strong induction of SA-related gene expression partially suppresses the JA-dependent signaling pathway. This results in increased plant susceptibility to the herbivore, evidenced by an increase of leaf damage inflicted by the adult insects and increased development of the nymphs. Our findings suggest that E. oleracea manipulates hormone signaling components of Arabidopsis as a strategy of attack to suppress plant defense traits. Our work contributes to knowledge on the adaptation of insect pests to plant responses, and is useful for developing management strategies to combat harmful herbivores in agriculture.

中文翻译：

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Eurydema oleracea通过诱导水杨酸介导的信号通路对拟南芥的防御系统产生负面影响

对植物对草食性昆虫的防御机制的研究可以阐明这些相互作用的进化机制，并对农业具有重要意义。草食性Eurydema oleracea是一种入侵性作物害虫。然而，缺乏有关其如何影响植物免疫反应的知识。在本研究中，我们证明了昆虫的进食引起被侵染的拟南芥植物中水杨酸（SA）和茉莉酸（JA）介导的信号通路的诱导。使用转基因SA缺陷型NahG，我们表明这两种植物激素相互拮抗。特别地，快速和强诱导SA相关基因表达部分抑制了JA依赖性信号传导途径。这导致植物对草食动物的敏感性增加，这由成年昆虫造成的叶片损害增加和若虫的发育增加来证明。我们的发现表明，油菜大肠杆菌操纵拟南芥的激素信号传导成分，作为抑制植物防御性状的攻击策略。我们的工作有助于了解害虫如何适应植物的反应，并有助于制定防治农业中食草动物的管理策略。