The Golden Mile and Mount Charlotte deposits in the Kalgoorlie Terrane, Western Australia, display three main mineralization styles: Fimiston, comprised of interconnected shear zones associated with ankerite-pyrite ± hematite- ± magnetite-gold-telluride alteration; Oroya, made up of breccia bodies with V-muscovite-ankerite-pyrite ± pyrrhotite-gold-telluride alteration; and Mount Charlotte, which consists of vein arrays with symmetrical ankerite-sericite-albite-pyrite ± pyrrhotite ± gold alteration. Pyrite is in equilibrium with gold in all three mineralization styles and has been selected as a proxy to record the sulfur source of the mineralizing fluids as well as the nature of the hydrothermal processes. The δ 34 S, Δ 33 S, and Δ 36 S analyses on pyrite grains from the different mineralization styles, including oxidized and reduced sulfide-oxide assemblages, reveal (1) a large variation in δ 34 S (from − 12.6 to + 23.5‰), and (2) a previously unrecognized occurrence of anomalous Δ 33 S and Δ 36 S signatures (from − 1.0 to + 1.1‰ and from − 2.3 to + 0.9‰, respectively). It is argued that the mineralizing fluids that formed the Golden Mile and Mount Charlotte deposits record mixing among three components: mantle sulfur, oxidized seawater sulfur (e.g., SO 4 ), and reduced elemental sulfur (e.g., S 8 ). Petrographic evidence in conjunction with Δ 33 S and Δ 36 S data suggest that MIF-S was acquired during the deposition of shales and basalts present in the Kalgoorlie Terrane and later mixed with mantle-derived sulfur during the mineralization events. The negative δ 34 S values that predominate in Fimiston style mineralization are consistent with a prevalence of oxidized fluids during the ore-forming process, as reflected by the presence of hematite-pyrite-magnetite-gold assemblages. Conversely, the positive δ 34 S values that dominate in the Mt Charlotte and Oroya mineralization styles reflect a reducing environment, as reflected by the presence of pyrite-pyrrhotite-gold assemblages.

中文翻译：

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西澳大利亚州金域和夏洛特山矿床的多硫同位素结构

位于西澳大利亚卡尔古利地层的 Golden Mile 和 Mount Charlotte 矿床显示出三种主要的成矿方式： Fimiston，由与铁黄铁矿-赤铁矿--磁铁矿-金-碲化物蚀变相关的相互连接的剪切带组成；Oroya，由角砾岩体组成，具有 V-白云母-铁橄榄石-黄铁矿 ± 磁黄铁矿-金-碲化物蚀变；和夏洛特山，由具有对称铁橄榄石-绢云母-钠长石-黄铁矿±磁黄铁矿±金蚀变的脉阵列组成。黄铁矿在所有三种成矿方式中都与金处于平衡状态，并已被选为代表来记录矿化流体的硫源以及热液过程的性质。不同成矿方式黄铁矿颗粒的δ 34 S、Δ 33 S和Δ 36 S分析，包括氧化和还原的硫化物-氧化物组合，揭示 (1) δ 34 S 的巨大变化（从 - 12.6 到 + 23.5‰），以及（2）以前未识别出的异常 Δ 33 S 和 Δ 36 S 特征（来自− 1.0 至 + 1.1‰ 和 − 2.3 至 + 0.9‰）。有人认为，形成黄金地带和夏洛特山矿床的矿化流体记录了三种成分的混合：地幔硫、氧化海水硫（例如 SO 4 ）和还原元素硫（例如 S 8 ）。结合 Δ 33 S 和 Δ 36 S 数据的岩相学证据表明，MIF-S 是在卡尔古利地层中存在的页岩和玄武岩沉积期间获得的，后来在成矿事件期间与地幔衍生的硫混合。在 Fimiston 型矿化中占主导地位的负 δ 34 S 值与成矿过程中氧化流体的普遍存在一致，正如赤铁矿-黄铁矿-磁铁矿-金组合的存在所反映的那样。相反，在 Mt Charlotte 和 Oroya 矿化类型中占主导地位的正 δ 34 S 值反映了还原环境，如黄铁矿-磁黄铁矿-金组合的存在所反映的那样。