Stomata control the exchange of CO₂ and water in land plants. For this reason, plants evolved to quickly respond the surrounding environment and endogenous cues in order to maintain their photosynthetic rates, but avoiding excessive water loss. Although guard cell has been used as model for characterization of signaling pathways, mainly regarding abscisic acid (ABA) response, several important questions about its functioning remain elusive. Recently, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics studies carried out using guard cells as model have contributed substantially for our understanding on how guard cells sense and respond to relative air humidity, CO₂, ABA, and sucrose. Comparatively, proteomics and metabolomics platforms need substantial improvement to increase the number of analytes detected. However, with the introduction of metabolomics-based technologies, several studies have been published increasing our knowledge on guard cell function. Here, we review these new exciting findings as well as discuss the importance of using these new data to improve prediction when modelling stomatal behavior.

中文翻译：

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用于理解气孔运动的代谢组学

气孔控制陆地植物中CO ₂和水的交换。出于这个原因，植物进化以快速响应周围环境和内源线索，以维持其光合速率，但避免了过多的水分流失。尽管保卫细胞已被用作表征信号通路的模型，主要涉及脱落酸（ABA）反应，但有关其功能的几个重要问题仍然难以捉摸。最近，以保卫细胞为模型进行的转录组学，蛋白质组学和代谢组学研究为我们对保卫细胞如何感知和响应相对空气湿度CO _2的理解做出了重要贡献。，ABA和蔗糖。相比之下，蛋白质组学和代谢组学平台需要进行实质性改进，以增加检测到的分析物的数量。但是，随着基于代谢组学的技术的引入，已经发表了一些研究，从而增加了我们对保护细胞功能的认识。在这里，我们回顾了这些令人兴奋的新发现，并讨论了在对气孔行为进行建模时使用这些新数据来改善预测的重要性。