Federal and state environmental agencies regulate chemicals under a variety of environmental laws. The Lautenberg Chemical Safety for the 21st Century Act (LCSA) amended the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) in 2016, and this update provides a mechanism by which the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) can regulate chemicals used by industry in order to prevent or limit exposures to chemicals. In particular, TSCA requires USEPA to assess the risk of injury to human health or the environment from exposure to chemicals identified as active. USEPA is currently assessing 10 chemicals and recently identified another 20 high priority and 20 low priority chemicals for evaluation. These risk evaluations, which may reflect new toxicological data, may identify new dose-response factors that change our understanding of the toxicity of many chemicals. This could result in either restrictions to chemical use, new cleanup standards, or more stringent cleanup standards. In this article, the authors review the process for identifying high priority chemicals and make predictions for the next set of emerging chemicals. Regulation of these chemicals could lead to a requirement for process changes as well as identify additional chemicals for evaluation at hazardous waste sites.

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TSCA改革的见解：识别新出现的污染物的案例

联邦和州的环保机构根据各种环境法律对化学品进行管制。《劳滕伯格21世纪化学品安全法》（LCSA）于2016年修订了《有毒物质控制法》（TSCA），此更新提供了一种机制，美国环境保护署（USEPA）可以通过该机制来监管行业使用的化学品，以防止或限制接触化学药品。特别是，TSCA要求USEPA评估暴露于确定为活性的化学物质对人体健康或环境造成伤害的风险。美国环保局目前正在评估10种化学品，最近又确定了另外20种高优先级化学品和20种低优先级化学品进行评估。这些风险评估可能反映了新的毒理学数据，可能会确定新的剂量反应因素，从而改变我们对许多化学品毒性的理解。这可能导致对化学品使用的限制，新的清洁标准或更严格的清洁标准。在本文中，作者回顾了识别高优先级化学品的过程，并对下一类新兴化学品做出了预测。对这些化学物质的监管可能会导致对过程进行更改的要求，并可能会发现其他化学物质，以便在危险废物现场进行评估。