We examine the issues concerning the perception and transformation of transport accessibility in interrelatedness and interdependency with the different ways of life: nomadic, rural and urban. The analysis used data of field investigations obtained by these authors in 2017 in Yakutsk, and during 2009–2017 in Aldan and in the Verkhnekolymskii, Nizhnekolymskii, Neryungrinskii, Olenekskii and Srednekolymskii uluses (districts). The study revealed transformations of transport accessibility caused by socio-economic and climatic changes: in spite of an intense development of the transport infrastructure, the duration of the winter roads is becoming shorter and less predictable, and the conditions of the water and air transport infrastructure remain critical. The characteristics of perception and transformation of transport accessibility are illustrated by the example of hunters and reindeer herders, residents of the village of Berezovka and of the city of Yakutsk. It is pointed out that representatives of the nomadic population are less vulnerable to socio-economic changes but more are dependent on natural conditions. It is found that the main problems in Berezovka are associated with periodic floods which are aggravated by limited transport accessibility. Yakutsk has lower transport accessibility compared to the other regional centers but higher accessibility than the other settlements within the region and in the perception of local residents. As a result, it is concluded that, depending on the way of life and experience of the interaction of the local communities with the outside world, the problems of limited transport accessibility are perceived and experienced differently. Thus the relativity of the concept of transport accessibility and the need for further research into its perception and relationship with the way of life of the population is demonstrated.

中文翻译：

---

北部地区的交通可达性和生活方式：萨哈（雅库特）共和国的案例研究

我们研究了交通可达性在与不同生活方式（游牧、农村和城市）相互关联和相互依存方面的认知和转变问题。分析使用了这些作者于 2017 年在雅库茨克以及 2009-2017 年期间在阿尔丹和 Verkhnekolymskii、Nizhnekolymskii、Neryungrinskii、Olenekskii 和 Srednekolymskii uluses（地区）获得的实地调查数据。研究揭示了社会经济和气候变化导致交通可达性的转变：尽管交通基础设施得到了大力发展，但冬季道路的持续时间变得越来越短且难以预测，水和航空运输基础设施的条件保持关键。以猎人和驯鹿牧民、别列佐夫卡村和雅库茨克市的居民为例，说明了交通可达性的感知和转变特征。有人指出，游牧人口的代表不太容易受到社会经济变化的影响，但更多地取决于自然条件。研究发现，别列佐夫卡的主要问题与周期性洪水有关，由于交通不便而加剧。与其他区域中心相比，雅库茨克的交通可达性较低，但在当地居民的印象中，可达性高于该区域内的其他定居点。因此得出的结论是，根据当地社区与外界互动的生活方式和经验，人们对交通可达性有限的问题有不同的认识和经历。因此，证明了交通可达性概念的相关性以及进一步研究其感知和与人口生活方式的关系的必要性。