On July 12, 2014, an unusual light structure was observed in the NOAA 12109 sunspot umbra at the Horizontal Solar Telescope of the Sayan Observatory. It differed from traditional light bridges in that it was entirely within the umbra without any apparent connection with the penumbra or the photosphere. The observed light structure more closely resembles a light “island” in outward appearance. A scan was performed in two spectral ranges: ultraviolet (3930–3975 Å ) and infrared (8490–8560 Å ). Images were constructed from the spectrograms in both continua, two Са II lines (8498 and 3933.6 Å ) and four weak lines (Cr I 3963.7 Å, Fe I 3969.3 Å, Fe I 8514.1 Å, Si I 8556.8 Å). The contrast of the structure has been found to depend on the spectral range and to decrease with height. Within the light structure we have detected upflow line-of-sight velocities of ~500 m s⁻¹ from the infrared lines and up to 3000 m s⁻¹ from the ultraviolet lines relative to the sunspot umbra, in which, in turn, downflows (up to 1000 m s−1) relative to the quiet Sun areas that surrounded the sunspot were observed.

中文翻译：

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NOAA 12109黑子本影中异常的光结构：观测结果和初步结果

2014年7月12日，萨彦天文台的水平太阳望远镜在NOAA 12109太阳黑子本影中观察到异常的光结构。它与传统的光桥不同，它完全位于本影之内，与半影或光球之间没有任何明显的联系。所观察到的光结构在外观上更类似于光“岛”。在两个光谱范围内进行了扫描：紫外线（3930–3975Å）和红外线（8490–8560Å）。图像由连续谱图，两条СаII谱线（8498和3933.6Å）和四个弱谱线（Cr I 3963.7Å，Fe I 3969.3Å，Fe I 8514.1Å，Si I 8556.8）的频谱图构成。已经发现结构的对比度取决于光谱范围并随高度降低。^-1从红外线和高达3000毫秒^-1相对于太阳黑子本影从紫外线，其中，反过来，downflows（高达1000个MS-1）相对于包围的黑子太阳宁静区中观察到。