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Diversity and structure of sponge communities of the Isla de Aves Wildlife Refuge, Caribbean Sea, Venezuela
Caribbean Journal of Science ( IF 0.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-01 , DOI: 10.18475/cjos.v49i2.a2
Estrella Villamizar 1 , Anaurora Yranzo 1 , Marcos Romero 1 , Hazael Boadas 2
Affiliation  

Sponges (Phylum Porifera) are abundant, diverse and usually with high substrate coverage in coral reef environments. In 2009, we initiated the systematic study of the coralline bottoms of the Isla de Aves, the most remote island of Venezuela. The study consisted in the identification and quantification of the sponges at 16 localities along 1x10 m transects (n=60). The surveys were done in shallow and deep sites, and on the windward and leeward sides. The average sponge coverage was 8.19% (SE=0.12 max=35.4%), which is considered high in comparison with other reefs from the Caribbean Region. A total of 1450 sponges were identified, which represents 77 species, nine of them representing new records for Venezuela. There is a dominance of a few species in these communities, where Amphimedon compressa is the most abundant (16.29%), followed by Agelas sventres (14.24%), Plakortis angulospiculatus (7.44%), Scopalina ruetzleri (6.80%), Ailochroia crassa (6.73%) and Cliona dioryssa (5.74%). The average diversity (SW index) for all transects was 1.66 (SE=0.07), and the equitability 0.81 (SE=0.02). The nmMDS analysis of the sponge communities produced two main groups of localities, responding to depth. The SIMPER analysis (according to depth criteria) produced 83% of overall average dissimilarity between the groups, being A. compressa, the species that most contribute with this difference (12.38%). Depth (and its associated physics parameters) could be the most determinant factor of the differences in structure of these communities.

中文翻译:

委内瑞拉加勒比海Isla de Aves野生动物保护区海绵群落的多样性和结构

海绵(Phylum Porifera)丰富,多样,在珊瑚礁环境中通常具有较高的底物覆盖率。在2009年,我们开始对委内瑞拉最偏远的岛屿艾夫拉岛的珊瑚礁底部进行系统研究。该研究包括在1x10 m断面(n = 60)的16个位置对海绵进行鉴定和定量。这些调查是在浅,深处以及迎风面和背风面进行的。平均海绵覆盖率为8.19%(SE = 0.12 max = 35.4%),与加勒比海地区的其他珊瑚礁相比被认为是很高的。共鉴定出1450个海绵,代表77种,其中9个代表委内瑞拉的新记录。在这些社区中,少数物种占优势,其中安非他命(Amphimedon compressa)最丰富(16.29%),其次是Agelas sventres(14.24%),Prakortis angulospiculatus(7.44%),Scopalina ruetzleri(6.80%),Ailochroia crassa(6.73%)和Cliona dioryssa(5.74%)。所有样点的平均多样性(SW指数)为1.66(SE = 0.07),公平性为0.81(SE = 0.02)。对海绵群落的nmMDS分析产生了两个主要区域,对深度有反应。SIMPER分析(根据深度标准)在整体平均差异之间产生了83%,即A. compressa,即造成这种差异最大的物种(12.38%)。深度(及其相关的物理参数)可能是决定这些群落结构差异的最主要因素。所有样点的平均多样性(SW指数)为1.66(SE = 0.07),公平性为0.81(SE = 0.02)。对海绵群落的nmMDS分析产生了两个主要区域,对深度有反应。SIMPER分析(根据深度标准)在整体平均差异之间产生了83%,即A. compressa,即造成这种差异最大的物种(12.38%)。深度(及其相关的物理参数)可能是决定这些群落结构差异的最主要因素。所有样点的平均多样性(SW指数)为1.66(SE = 0.07),公平性为0.81(SE = 0.02)。对海绵群落的nmMDS分析产生了两个主要区域,对深度有反应。SIMPER分析(根据深度标准)在整体平均差异之间产生了83%,即A. compressa,即造成这种差异最大的物种(12.38%)。深度(及其相关的物理参数)可能是决定这些群落结构差异的最主要因素。SIMPER分析(根据深度标准)在整体平均差异之间产生了83%,即A. compressa,即造成这种差异最大的物种(12.38%)。深度(及其相关的物理参数)可能是决定这些群落结构差异的最主要因素。SIMPER分析(根据深度标准)在整体平均差异之间产生了83%,即A. compressa,即造成这种差异最大的物种(12.38%)。深度(及其相关的物理参数)可能是决定这些群落结构差异的最主要因素。
更新日期:2019-10-01
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