当前位置: X-MOL 学术BMC Zool. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Demography of a small, isolated tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) population in a semi-arid region of western India
BMC Zoology ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2017-11-28 , DOI: 10.1186/s40850-017-0025-y
Ayan Sadhu , Peter Prem Chakravarthi Jayam , Qamar Qureshi , Raghuvir Singh Shekhawat , Sudarshan Sharma , Yadvendradev Vikramsinh Jhala

Tiger populations have declined globally due to poaching, prey depletion, and habitat loss. The westernmost tiger population of Ranthambhore in India is typified by bottlenecks, small size, and isolation; problems that plague many large carnivore populations worldwide. Such populations are likely to have depressed demographic parameters and are vulnerable to extinction due to demographic and environmental stochasticity. We used a combination of techniques that included radio telemetry, camera traps, direct observations, and photo documentation to obtain 3492 observations on 97 individually known tigers in Ranthambhore between 2006 and 2014 to estimate demographic parameters. We estimated tiger density from systematic camera trap sampling using spatially explicit capture-recapture (SECR) framework and subsequently compared model inferred density with near actual density. SECR tiger density was same as actual density and recovered from 4.6 (SE 1.19) to 7.5 (SE 1.25) tigers/100km2 over the years. Male: female ratio was 0.76 (SE 0.07), and cub: adult tigress ratio at 0.48 (SE 0.12). Average litter size was estimated at 2.24 (SE 0.14). Male recruitment from cub to sub-adult stage (77.8%, SE 2.2) was higher than that of females (62.5%, SE 2.4). But male recruitment rate as breeding adults from the sub-adult stage (72.6%, SE 2.0) was lower than females (86.7%, SE 1.3). Annual survival rates, estimated by known-fate models, of cubs (85.4%, CI95% 80.3–90.5%) were lower than that of juvenile (97.0%, CI95% 95.4–98.7%) and sub-adult (96.4%, CI95% 94.0–98.9%) tigers. Adult male (84.8%, CI95% 80.6–89.2%) and female (88.7%, CI95% 85.3–92.2%) annual survival rates were similar. Human-caused mortality was 47% in cubs and 38% in adults. Mean dispersal age was 33.9 months (SE 0.8), males dispersed further (61 Km, SE 2) than females (12 Km, SE 1.3). Higher age of first reproduction (54.5 months, SE 3.7) with longer inter-birth intervals (29.6 months, SE 3.15) was likely to be an effect of high tiger density. Demographic parameters of Ranthambhore tigers were similar to other tiger populations. With no signs of inbreeding depression there seems to be no eminent need for genetic rescue. The best long-term conservation strategy would be to establish and manage a metapopulation in the Ranthambhore landscape.

中文翻译:

印度西部半干旱地区一个孤立的小老虎(Panthera tigris tigris)人口的人口统计学

由于偷猎,猎物枯竭和栖息地丧失,全球老虎数量有所减少。印度兰瑟姆邦(Ranthambhore)最西端的老虎种群以瓶颈,体型小和孤立为特征。困扰着全世界许多大型食肉动物种群的问题。由于人口和环境的随机性,这些人口的人口统计参数可能很低,很容易灭绝。我们使用了包括无线电遥测,相机陷阱,直接观测和照片记录在内的多种技术组合,以在2006年至2014年之间对Ranthambhore的97只个别已知的老虎进行了3492次观测,以估算人口统计参数。我们使用空间显式捕获-捕获(SECR)框架通过系统的相机陷阱采样估算了老虎的密度,然后将模型推断的密度与接近实际的密度进行了比较。SECR老虎密度与实际密度相同,并且从过去的每平方千米4.6(SE 1.19)到7.5(SE 1.25)老虎恢复。男性:女性比率为0.76(SE 0.07),而幼崽:成年老虎比率为0.48(SE 0.12)。平均垫料尺寸估计为2.24(SE 0.14)。从幼崽到亚成年阶段的男性招募(77.8%,SE 2.2)高于女性(62.5%,SE 2.4)。但是,从成年阶段开始,作为成年育种雄性的男性招募率(72.6%,SE 2.0)低于女性(86.7%,SE 1.3)。根据已知命运模型估计,幼崽的年生存率(85.4%,CI95%80.3–90.5%)低于少年(97.0%,CI95%95.4–98)。7%)和亚成年(96.4%,CI95%94.0-98.9%)的老虎。成年男性(84.8%,CI95%80.6–89.2%)和女性(88.7%,CI95%85.3–92.2%)的年生存率相似。人为的幼崽死亡率为47%,成人为38%。平均分散年龄为33.9个月(SE 0.8),男性(61 Km,SE 2)比女性(12 Km,SE 1.3)分散得更远。较高的首次繁殖年龄(54.5个月,SE 3.7)和较长的生育间隔(29.6个月,SE 3.15)可能是高老虎密度的影响。Ranthambhore老虎的人口统计参数与其他老虎种群相似。没有近亲衰退的迹象,似乎似乎没有必要进行基因拯救。最好的长期保护策略是在Ranthambhore景观中建立和管理一个种群。CI95%80.6–89.2%)和女性(88.7%,CI95%85.3–92.2%)的年生存率相似。人为的幼崽死亡率为47%,成人为38%。平均分散年龄为33.9个月(SE 0.8),男性(61 Km,SE 2)比女性(12 Km,SE 1.3)分散得更远。较高的首次繁殖年龄(54.5个月,SE 3.7)和较长的生育间隔(29.6个月,SE 3.15)可能是高老虎密度的影响。Ranthambhore老虎的人口统计参数与其他老虎种群相似。没有近亲衰退的迹象,似乎似乎没有必要进行基因拯救。最好的长期保护策略是在Ranthambhore景观中建立和管理一个种群。CI95%80.6–89.2%)和女性(88.7%,CI95%85.3–92.2%)的年生存率相似。人为的幼崽死亡率为47%,成人为38%。平均分散年龄为33.9个月(SE 0.8),男性(61 Km,SE 2)比女性(12 Km,SE 1.3)分散得更多。较高的首次繁殖年龄(54.5个月,SE 3.7)和较长的生育间隔(29.6个月,SE 3.15)可能是高老虎密度的影响。Ranthambhore老虎的人口统计学参数与其他老虎种群相似。没有近亲衰退的迹象,似乎似乎没有必要进行基因拯救。最好的长期保护策略是在Ranthambhore景观中建立和管理一个种群。人为的幼崽死亡率为47%,成人为38%。平均分散年龄为33.9个月(SE 0.8),男性(61 Km,SE 2)比女性(12 Km,SE 1.3)分散得更远。较高的首次繁殖年龄(54.5个月,SE 3.7)和较长的生育间隔(29.6个月,SE 3.15)可能是高老虎密度的影响。Ranthambhore老虎的人口统计学参数与其他老虎种群相似。没有近亲衰退的迹象,似乎似乎没有必要进行基因拯救。最好的长期保护策略是在Ranthambhore景观中建立和管理一个种群。人为的幼崽死亡率为47%,成人为38%。平均分散年龄为33.9个月(SE 0.8),男性(61 Km,SE 2)比女性(12 Km,SE 1.3)分散得更远。较高的首次繁殖年龄(54.5个月,SE 3.7)和较长的生育间隔(29.6个月,SE 3.15)可能是高老虎密度的影响。Ranthambhore老虎的人口统计参数与其他老虎种群相似。没有近亲衰退的迹象,似乎似乎没有必要进行基因拯救。最好的长期保护策略是在Ranthambhore景观中建立和管理一个种群。SE 3.15)可能是高老虎密度的影响。Ranthambhore老虎的人口统计参数与其他老虎种群相似。没有近亲衰退的迹象,似乎似乎没有必要进行基因拯救。最好的长期保护策略是在Ranthambhore景观中建立和管理一个种群。SE 3.15)可能是高老虎密度的影响。Ranthambhore老虎的人口统计参数与其他老虎种群相似。没有近亲衰退的迹象,似乎似乎没有必要进行基因拯救。最好的长期保护策略是在Ranthambhore景观中建立和管理一个种群。
更新日期:2017-11-28
down
wechat
bug