ABSTRACT

Empirical studies suggest that memory loss with age is based not only on biological, but also on contextual factors. In line with the stereotype threat (ST) theory, it is argued that the features of the standard clinical situation may contribute to an underestimation of memory performance in older adults (OA). To prevent these shortcomings, we proposed and tested two different interventions that are easy to implement in clinical settings: individuation and self-handicapping. Results indicate that the individuation intervention appears to be a promising solution to alleviate the ST burden in clinical assessment of memory.

中文翻译：

---

真实表现：减少老年人临床记忆评估中的刻板印象威胁效应

摘要

实证研究表明，随着年龄的增长记忆力减退不仅基于生物学因素，还基于环境因素。与刻板印象威胁 (ST) 理论一致，有人认为标准临床情况的特征可能导致对老年人 (OA) 记忆能力的低估。为了防止这些缺点，我们提出并测试了两种易于在临床环境中实施的不同干预措施：个性化和自我设限。结果表明，个体化干预似乎是减轻临床记忆评估中 ST 负担的有希望的解决方案。