Kin discrimination has been demonstrated in many animals. Chemical cues are known as important sources for kin discrimination in fish. In this study, we examined kin discrimination using chemical cues by juveniles of the cyprinid fish Puntius titteya. In the choice experiment with two chemical stimuli, juveniles could discriminate between and preferred a chemical stimulus of nonkin adult fish over that without any fish, and a chemical stimulus of their parents over that of nonkin adults. In addition, juveniles discriminated between and preferred a chemical stimulus of unfamiliar kin juveniles over that of unfamiliar nonkin juveniles. This result suggests that juveniles can conduct kin discrimination based on phenotype matching and may obtain benefits from kin selection, such as a reduction in the predation risks by making a shoal with kin juveniles. Inconsistent with previous results of some other fish, juvenile P. titteya did not show a preference for the chemical stimulus of familiar kin juveniles over that of unfamiliar kin juveniles. This result may suggest that, in this species, kin preference is a more important factor for shoaling decisions than familiarity with other individuals.

中文翻译：

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使用化学线索的少年 Puntius titteya 的亲属歧视

亲缘歧视已在许多动物中得到证实。化学线索被认为是鱼类亲属歧视的重要来源。在这项研究中，我们使用化学线索检查了鲤科鱼类 Puntius titteya 幼鱼的亲属歧视。在两种化学刺激的选择实验中，幼鱼可以区分并偏好非亲缘成鱼的化学刺激而不是没有任何鱼的化学刺激，以及父母的化学刺激而不是非亲缘成鱼的化学刺激。此外，与不熟悉的非亲缘幼鱼相比，幼鱼区分并偏好陌生近亲幼鱼的化学刺激。这一结果表明，幼鱼可以基于表型匹配进行亲属歧视，并可能从亲属选择中获得利益，例如通过与近亲幼鱼建立浅滩来降低捕食风险。与其他一些鱼之前的结果不一致，幼鱼 P. titteya 没有表现出对熟悉的近亲幼鱼的化学刺激的偏好，而不是不熟悉的近亲幼鱼的化学刺激。这一结果可能表明，在这个物种中，亲属偏好是比对其他个体的熟悉程度更重要的浅滩决定因素。