Abstract—The role of astroglia cells is more complex than the idea that they are an elastic frame that provides structural and metabolic support in the brain. The data of cyto-biochemical and physiological analysis demonstrate that astrocytes are integral elements of neural networks. Astrocytes can affect synaptic processes due to release or modulation of the activity of neurotransmitters. Here, we present ideas on an astrocyte hypothesis, which determines the role of astroglia as a specific management service. Due to the interaction of gliotransmitters with neurons, astrocytes affect the formation of neuronal networks and participate in the regulation of memory and complex behavior in the healthy or diseased brain. The role of astrocytes in organization of network spaces and formation of neuron–astrocyte domains is considered to be one of the physiological mechanisms of memory. We demonstrated the mechanism of the participation of astrocytes in synaptic disintegration and psychoneurological pathology for the first time.

中文翻译：

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星形胶质细胞是调节大脑高级功能的要素

摘要-星形胶质细胞的作用比认为它们是在大脑中提供结构和代谢支持的弹性框架的想法更为复杂。细胞生化和生理分析的数据表明，星形胶质细胞是神经网络的组成部分。由于神经递质的释放或调节，星形胶质细胞可影响突触过程。在这里，我们提出关于星形胶质细胞假说的想法，它决定了星形胶质作为特定管理服务的作用。由于神经胶质递质与神经元的相互作用，星形胶质细胞影响神经元网络的形成，并参与健康或患病大脑的记忆和复杂行为的调节。星形胶质细胞在网络空间的组织和神经元-星形胶质细胞域的形成中的作用被认为是记忆的生理机制之一。我们首次证明了星形胶质细胞参与突触崩解和心理神经病理学的机制。