Background

Several successive arbovirus outbreaks have affected French Polynesia (FP) in the recent past years due to different dengue serotypes (DENV) present for several decades, Zika (ZIKV) (2013–2014) and chikungunya (CHIKV) (2014–2015) viruses with a potential impact on blood safety and blood supply due to the geographical isolation of these islands. This study reports an assessment of the impact of these outbreaks on blood products supply and infectious safety in FP and discuss the effectiveness of implemented preventive measures.

Methods

To ensure the infectious safety of blood products during outbreaks, several measures have successively been introduced as the selection of donors suspected of infection, the nucleic acid testing (NAT) and the pathogen reduction of platelets and plasmas.

Results

The donor deferral rate increased by 6% between 2012 and 2014 without changes in the number of collected donations. NAT excluded five blood donations reactive for DENV RNA, 42 for ZIKV and 34 for CHIKV. As Zika screening could not been implemented before the third month of the outbreak, 36 blood products from ZIKV-infected donors were transfused to 26 recipients. However, no transfusion-transmitted arbovirus has been reported.

Conclusion

The last past arboviruses outbreaks did not have a significant impact on blood supply in FP. The measures introduced to prevent arbovirus transmission by transfusion were able to maintain infectious safety for all blood products without impairing self-sufficiency.

中文翻译：

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法属波利尼西亚最近一次虫媒病毒暴发对血液安全的影响（2012-2018年）

背景

由于数十年来出现的不同登革热血清型（DENV），寨卡病毒（ZIKV）（2013-2014）和基孔肯雅热（CHIKV）（2014-2015）病毒，近几年来几次连续的虫媒病毒爆发已影响法属波利尼西亚（FP）。由于这些岛屿的地理隔离，对血液安全和血液供应有潜在影响。这项研究报告了对这些暴发对FP中血液制品供应和感染安全性的影响的评估，并讨论了已实施的预防措施的有效性。

方法

为了确保暴发期间血液制品的感染安全，已陆续采取了几种措施，包括选择怀疑感染的供体，进行核酸检测（NAT）以及减少血小板和血浆的病原体。

结果

2012年至2014年间，捐赠者的延期率增加了6％，而捐赠数量没有变化。NAT排除了对DENV RNA有反应的五次献血，ZIKV的42次和CHIKV的34次。由于在疫情爆发的第三个月之前无法进行Zika筛查，因此将来自ZIKV感染供体的36种血液产品输给了26名接受者。但是，没有输血传播的虫媒病毒的报道。

结论

过去的最近一次虫媒病毒暴发对FP的血液供应没有重大影响。采取的防止输血虫媒病毒传播的措施能够在不损害自给自足的情况下维持所有血液制品的感染安全性。