Wheat is among major cereals cultivated and consumed all over the world. However, production of wheat worldwide is affected by salinity stress. With reference to salt stress tolerance, though genetic variability exists in wheat gene pool, in depth understanding of molecular and physiological processes underlying salinity tolerance is lacking. Kharchia Local (KL), an Indian landrace of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is well known for its tolerance to salinity stress. Analysis of the expression pattern of an important vacuolar TaNHX1 (Na⁺(K⁺)/H⁺) antiporter gene in response to salt stress was carried out in two bread wheat genotypes viz. KL (tolerant) and HD 3086 (susceptible). This gene is associated with vacuolar Na⁺ sequestration. Changes in various physiological parameters in response to salt stress were also assayed in these genotypes. Physiological parameters such as RWC, MSI, CHL, Na⁺ and K⁺ contents in leaf and root tissues were estimated under both control and salt stress conditions. Higher transcript level of TaNHX1 gene in KL suggests early up regulation of this gene expression under salt stress. This study helps in understanding how various cellular response, differ in bread wheat in response to salt stress.

中文翻译：

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盐分胁迫下面包小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）的生理和分子响应

小麦是全世界种植和消费的主要谷物之一。但是，全世界的小麦产量都受到盐分胁迫的影响。关于盐胁迫耐受性，尽管小麦基因库中存在遗传变异性，但仍缺乏对盐分耐受性基础的分子和生理过程的深入了解。Kharchia Local（KL）是印度面包小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）的地方品种，因其对盐分胁迫的耐受性而闻名。重要液泡TaNHX1（Na ⁺（K ⁺）/ H ⁺响应盐胁迫的反转运蛋白基因在两种面包小麦基因型中进行。KL（宽容）和HD 3086（敏感）。该基因与液泡的Na ⁺螯合有关。在这些基因型中还测定了响应盐胁迫的各种生理参数的变化。在对照和盐胁迫条件下，估算叶片和根组织中的生理参数，例如RWC，MSI，CHL，Na ⁺和K ⁺含量。KL中TaNHX1基因的较高转录水平表明在盐胁迫下该基因表达的早期调节。这项研究有助于理解面包小麦对盐胁迫的各种细胞反应如何不同。