Large mammals play significant roles in shaping the trophic structure of terrestrial ecosystems and affect the form of vegetation growth in many habitats. We studied large mammal community in a Mediterranean habitat mosaic generated by fires originally dominated by pine forests. We conducted camera-trapping surveys in three study sites with different fire histories, and we recorded eight large mammal species including brown bear (Ursus arctos), caracal (Caracal caracal), and wild goat (Capra aegagrus), which are of conservation importance. The mammal community found in the study sites was functionally diverse, including herbivores, omnivores, carnivores, seed dispersers, soil diggers, main preys, and top predators. The site burned 13 years ago had higher species richness than can be expected from a random pattern, but this was not the case in 30- and >40-year-old sites, showing the importance of relatively younger sites for large mammals. Eurasian badger had more probability to have more abundance in places with more open vegetation while wild goat had higher abundance in more dense vegetation. Young individuals of wild goat, brown bear, and wild boar were also detected in the study sites. The results indicate that burned habitats harbor a phylogenetically and functionally diverse large mammal community in landscapes originally dominated by Mediterranean pine forests. Therefore, these forests continue to retain importance for the large mammals after the fire, and burned habitats should be taken into consideration for the conservation and management plans together with mature forests in Mediterranean ecosystems.

中文翻译：

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火灾造成的栖息地支持地中海景观中的大型哺乳动物群落

大型哺乳动物在塑造陆地生态系统的营养结构方面起着重要作用，并影响许多生境的植被生长形式。我们研究了地中海生境马赛克中的大型哺乳动物群落，这些马赛克原本是由松树林主导的大火产生的。我们在三个有着不同火史的研究地点进行了相机诱捕调查，并记录了八种大型哺乳动物物种，包括棕熊（Ursus arctos），car（Caracal caracal）和野山羊（Capra aegagrus）），具有重要的保护意义。在研究地点发现的哺乳动物群落功能多样，包括食草动物，杂食动物，食肉动物，种子传播者，土壤挖掘者，主要猎物和顶级捕食者。13年前被烧毁的地点的物种丰富度高于随机模式所预期的，但30岁和40岁以上的地点情况并非如此，这表明大型哺乳动物相对年轻的地点的重要性。欧亚badge在具有更多开放性植被的地方更有可能具有更高的丰度，而野山羊在具有更多密度的植被中具有更高的丰度。在研究地点还发现了野山羊，棕熊和野猪的年轻人。结果表明，被烧毁的栖息地在系统发育和功能上各不相同的大型哺乳动物群落中，最初以地中海松林为主。因此，这些森林在大火过后仍继续对大型哺乳动物保持重要地位，在保护和管理计划中应考虑烧毁的栖息地以及地中海生态系统中的成熟森林。