The most economic and environmental problems result from burial agricultural waste materials. The main objective of the present investigation is to assess the usefulness of agricultural waste in mortar admixture. These materials are expected to reduce the density of the admixture, and thus producing lightweight mortar.This study aims to study the effect of using pistachio shells as partial replacement of sand on the properties of cement mortar. Furthermore, the effect of density, absorption, and compressive strength of cement mortar were also obtained.Ordinary Portland cement from Kufa Cement Plant was used with a water cement ratio of 0.48 and a mix proportion of 1:3, also six percentages of pistachio shells were used (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60% by weight of fine aggregate).A total number of 84 mortar cubes were casted with 12 cubes for each mixture ratio. From 84 mortar cubes 21 cubes were utilized to calculate the average water absorption and 63 cubes were utilized to calculate the average density and compressive strength.Compressive strength values of the mortar cubes were evaluated at 7, 14, 28 days at different percentage replacement levels obtaining a range of values of 6.78, 8.92 and 14.1 MPa, respectively at 20% replacement.The density values were reduced with the increment in replacement levels until it reached (1.21 and 1) gm/cm3 at 28 days with replacement percentages of (50 and 60%) respectively.Water absorption was increased with the increment in replacement levels and reaching (6.04%) at (60%) replacement level.

中文翻译：

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研究废开心果壳部分置换砂浆在水泥砂浆中的作用

埋葬农业废料是最经济和环境问题。本研究的主要目的是评估农业废料在砂浆掺合料中的有用性。预计这些材料会降低掺合料的密度，从而生产轻质砂浆。本研究旨在研究用开心果壳作为砂的部分替代品对水泥砂浆性能的影响。此外，还获得了水泥砂浆的密度，吸收率和抗压强度的影响。使用Kufa水泥厂生产的普通波特兰水泥，水灰比为0.48，混合比为1：3，还有开心果壳的6％使用（按细骨料的重量计分别为10％，20％，30％，40％，50％和60％）。对于每种混合比，总共浇铸了84个砂浆立方体和12个立方体。从84个砂浆立方体中使用21个立方体来计算平均吸水率，并使用63个立方体来计算平均密度和抗压强度。在不同的置换率百分比下，分别在7、14、28天评估砂浆立方体的抗压强度值，从而得出替换20％时，其值分别为6.78、8.92和14.1 MPa。密度值随替换水平的增加而降低，直到28天达到（1.21和1）gm / cm3，替换百分比为（50和吸水率随着置换水平的增加而增加，在（60％）置换水平时达到（6.04％）。