The paper presents the effects of gasgeochemical survey in the upper layer and water column, as well as in bottom sediments in the Tatar Strait (the North of the Sea of Japan) in 2012, 2014, 2015 and 2017. The features of methane, hydrogen, and helium distribution in the water column and sediments of the Tatar Strait were identified. The elevated methane, hydrogen, and helium concentrations in the sediments and water column on the southwest shelf and slope of Sakhalin are possibly associated with seismo-tectonic activity, gas hydrates, the presence of centers and migration channels of these gases. Methane emission, concentrations of which exceeds the equilibrium with the atmospheric value in the surface layer (C* = 2.2–3.6 nmol/L), occurs within the whole water area of the South-Tatar Strait. The difference between the measured and equilibrium methane values (ΔC) was 1.1–112 nmol/L. The most intense methane fluxes on the water-atmosphere boundary reach up to 482 mol/(km² × day) and are observed on the gas-containing southwest shelf and gas hydrate-containing slope of Sakhalin. The calculation model of the current fields and impurity transfer for the water area under study has shown that formation of increased methane emissions from the sea surface is located in areas with its possible vertical migration from lithospheric sources. The role of hydrodynamics in the formation of zones of increased methane emissions from the surface of water area is subordinate to geological factors. The prospects for prediction of hydrocarbon accumulations according to the data on methane flux from the surface of the shallow sea are described.

中文翻译：

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甲烷异常，其在海-气界面的通量及其与南塔塔尔沉积盆地（塔塔海峡，日本海）的地质结构的关系

本文介绍了2012年，2014年，2015年和2017年塔塔尔海峡（日本海北部）上层和水柱以及底部沉积物中的天然气地球化学调查的影响。甲烷，氢气的特征，并确定了塔塔尔海峡水柱和沉积物中的氦分布。萨哈林岛西南陆架和斜坡沉积物和水柱中甲烷，氢和氦的浓度升高可能与地震构造活动，天然气水合物，这些气体的中心和迁移通道有关。在南塔塔尔海峡的整个水域中发生甲烷排放，其浓度超过与表层大气值的平衡（C * = 2.2–3.6 nmol / L）。甲烷的实测值与平衡甲烷值之间的差异（ΔC）为1.1–112 nmol / L。在水-大气边界上最强的甲烷通量达到482 mol /（km²  ×天），并在萨哈林岛的含气西南陆架和含气水合物的斜坡上观察到。研究中水域的电流场和杂质转移的计算模型表明，来自海面的甲烷排放量增加的形成位于可能从岩石圈源垂直迁移的区域。流体动力学在形成水面甲烷排放量增加的区域中的作用受地质因素的影响。描述了根据来自浅海表面的甲烷通量的数据预测油气成藏的前景。