Cu₂ZnSnS₄ (CZTS)-based solar cells show a promising performance in the field of sunlight-based energy production system. To increase the performance of CZTS-based solar cell, buffer layer optimization is still an obstacle. In this work, numerical simulations were performed on structures based on CZTS absorber layer, ZnO window layer, and transparent conducting layer n-ITO with different buffer layers using SCAPS-1D software to find a suitable buffer layer. Cadmium sulfide (CdS), zinc sulfide (ZnS) and their alloy cadmium zinc sulfide (Cd_0.4Zn_0.6S) were used as potential buffer layers to investigate the effect of buffer thickness, absorber thickness and temperature on open-circuit voltage (V_oc), short-circuit current (J_sc), fill factor (FF) and efficiency (η) of the solar cell. The optimum efficiencies using these three buffer layers are around 11.20%. Among these three buffers, Cd_0.4Zn_0.6S is more preferable as CdS suffers from toxicity problem and ZnS shows drastic change in performance parameters. The simulation results can give important guideline for the fabrication of high-efficiency CZTS solar cell.

中文翻译：

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通过优化缓冲层实现高效CZTS太阳能电池

基于Cu ₂ ZnSnS ₄（CZTS）的太阳能电池在基于阳光的能源生产系统领域显示出令人鼓舞的性能。为了提高基于CZTS的太阳能电池的性能，缓冲层优化仍然是一个障碍。在这项工作中，使用SCAPS-1D软件对基于CZTS吸收层，ZnO窗口层和具有不同缓冲层的透明导电层n-ITO的结构进行了数值模拟，以找到合适的缓冲层。硫化镉（CdS），硫化锌（ZnS）及其合金硫化镉锌（Cd _0.4 Zn _0.6 S）被用作潜在的缓冲层，以研究缓冲厚度，吸收层厚度和温度对开路电压（V _oc），短路电流（J _sc），填充系数（FF）和太阳能电池的效率（η）。使用这三个缓冲层的最佳效率约为11.20％。在这三种缓冲剂中，Cd _0.4 Zn _0.6 S更优选，因为CdS存在毒性问题，并且ZnS在性能参数上发生急剧变化。仿真结果可以为高效CZTS太阳能电池的制造提供重要指导。