Brownian dipole photomotors derived from betaine and merocyanine dyes are examined. With a specific type of molecular photoexcitation and a specific relationship of the dipole moments of the ground and excited states, directed motion of the photomotor becomes symmetry-forbidden; the forbiddenness can be removed by molecular polarization effects. These effects become the predominant factor governing the direction of the motion and average velocity of photomotors, which can be an order of magnitude greater than for already known Brownian motors. These findings suggest guidelines for the molecular design of dipole photomotors with desired properties.

中文翻译：

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有机偶极光电马达的极化效应

检查了源自甜菜碱和部花青染料的布朗偶极光马达。通过特定类型的分子光激发以及基态和激发态偶极矩的特定关系，光马达的定向运动变得对称禁止；可以通过分子极化效应去除禁忌。这些效应成为控制光电机运动方向和平均速度的主要因素，这可能比已知的布朗电机大一个数量级。这些发现为具有所需特性的偶极光电马达的分子设计提出了指导方针。